摘要
黑龙江省水稻以联合收割机收获为主,但不适宜的收获时间、收获行驶速度均易造成产后损失。利用四种联合收割机在不同收获时间、不同收获速度及不同区域对水稻产量损失进行机收试验,结果表明:在较晚收获时,水稻掉粒损失量较低,其中洋马联合收割机与较早时期收获相比,损失量最高可下降至46.43 kg/hm^2;在行驶速度较慢(5~6 km/h)时,水稻掉粒损失量较低,洋马联合收割机机械收获掉粒损失量为171.46 kg/hm^2;在转角区损失量较高,两种联合收割机较直行区损失量均上升50%以上。最后,对影响水稻产后损失的各种因素进行了分析与讨论。
In Heilongjiang province,rice is mainly harvested by combine harvester,but the improper harvest time and speed can easily cause post-harvest losses.Four kinds of combine harvesters were used to test rice mechanical post-harvest losses at different harvest time,different harvest speeds and different regions.The results showed that the grain loss of rice was lower at the later harvest;compared with the earlier harvest,the loss of Yangma combined harvester could decrease to 46.43 kilograms per hectare at the highest;when the speed was slow(about 5~6 kilograms per hour),the grain loss of rice was relatively low,and the grain loss of Yangma combined harvester was 171.46 kilograms per hectare;In the corner area,the loss was higher,the loss of two kinds of combine harvesters increased by more than 50% compared with the straight line area.Finally,various factors that affect the post-harvest losses of rice were analyzed and discussed.
作者
谷英楠
孙鸿雁
毕洪文
段新宇
王敬元
何晶丽
姜莹
刘国玲
李金鸿
Gu Yingnan;Sun Hongyan;Bi Hongwen;Duan Xinyu;Wang Jingyuan;He Jingli;Jiang Ying;Liu Guoling;Li Jinhong(Institute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,Heilongjiang;School of Economics,Harbin Normal University,Harbin 150025,Heilongjiang;College of Economics and Management,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,Heilongjiang)
出处
《农业展望》
2020年第7期114-118,共5页
Agricultural Outlook
基金
国家重点研发计划“粮食丰产增效科技创新”重点专项“黑龙江低温黑土区春玉米、粳稻全程机械化丰产增效技术集成与示范”(2018YFD0300107-6)
黑龙江省水稻产业技术协同创新推广体系(2019)
黑龙江省博士后资助项目“黑龙江省农业科研院所科技成果转化模式创新研究”(LBH-Z16181)
黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项“寒地水稻种质资源创制与应用”(HNK2019CX02)。
关键词
水稻
产后损失
联合收割机
收获速度
籽粒含水量
rice
loss after the ripe
combined harvester
harvesting speed
grain moisture content
