摘要
在晚清洋务运动的自强口号下,中国近代海军诞生。近代海军的建立,虽未能使国家摆脱摆脱半殖民地地位,但在一定程度上有效抵制了外国列强的侵略。以北洋舰队为视角,分析近代海军兵源,下层士兵主要来源于北方山东沿海渔民子弟和原水师中的部分水勇。中上层军官主要来源有国内海军学校学生、留洋官学生、船生和少数洋员。总的来说,海军训练较同时期陆军严格,选才要求也更高,整体兵源素质较更为优秀。但其选才面窄、后期腐化严重的局限性也很明显。
Under the background of the Westernization Movement with the slogan of self-improvement in the late Qing Dynasty,modern Chinese navy was born.Although the establishment of the modern navy failed to free the country from the semi-colonial status,it effectively resisted the aggression of foreign powers to a certain extent.Analyzing the modern naval sources from the perspective of the Beiyang Fleet,the lower-level soldiers are mainly from the fishermen of the coastal fishermen in the northern China and Shandong province and some of the original sailors.The main sources of middle and upper officers are domestic naval school students,students who have studied abroad,merchant sailors and a few foreigners.In general,the training of navy is stricter than the Army at that time.The selection requirements are higher,and the overall quality of the military is better.However,the limitations of its fewer way of selecting sailors and serious corruption are also obvious in the later period.
作者
方小阳
陆发春
FANG Xiao-yang;LU Fa-chun(History Department,Anhui University,Hefei Anhui,230039)
出处
《山西大同大学学报（社会科学版）》
2020年第5期44-48,共5页
Journal of Shanxi Datong University(Social Science Edition)
关键词
晚清
近代海军
兵源
北洋舰队
Late Qing Dynasty
navy
sources of troops
Beiyang Fleet
