摘要
采用滑动分析法修正经典马卡维也夫法造床能力表达式,避免在分析流量频率时人为划分流量级带来的误差,基于黄河下游花园口水文站1950-2015年实测资料,分析黄河下游造床流量变化规律及新水沙关系。研究结果表明:改进后的造床流量计算方法中流量级长度参数在200~600 m^3·s^−1范围内、流量级滑动距离参数在1~600 m^3·s^−1范围内选取,均可准确计算出花园口第一和第二造床流量;1986-1999年,黄河下游第一和第二造床流量显著减少,洪水频次、洪峰流量和多年平均流量明显下降,下游河道淤积萎缩严重;1999年自小浪底水库运用及调水调沙以来,第二造床流量增加,下游河道主槽过流输沙能力提高。目前黄河下游造床能力已由第一造床流量主导转变为第二造床流量主控。
The moving analysis method was employed to revise the bed-forming capacity equation based on the typical Makayev method.The inaccuracy from the man-made discharge stages can be avoided while analyzing the discharge appearance frequency.According to the observed data from the Huayuankou hydrological station from 1950 to 2015,the dominant discharge evolution in the lower Yellow River was analyzed.The new water and sediment relationship was explored.The results show that when the length of the discharge stage is chosen between 200 and 600 m^3·s^−1 and the moving distance of the discharge stage is chosen between 1 and 600 m^3·s^−1,the first and second dominant discharge of the observed data from the Huayuankou hydrological station can be obtained accurately.The first and second dominant discharge,flood-peak frequency,flood-peak discharge and average annual discharge in the lower Yellow River from 1986 to 1999 decrease significantly.The lower Yellow River channels also shrunken notably due to the sediment deposition.Since the operation of Xiaolangdi reservoir and water and sediment regulation in 1999,the second dominant discharge increases,and the discharge and sediment transport capability of the main channel in the lower Yellow River improves.The current dominant bedforming capacity in the lower Yellow River changes from the first dominant discharge to the second one.
作者
来志强
赵连军
江恩慧
吴国英
张向
程家林
LAI Zhiqiang;ZHAO Lianjun;JIANG Enhui;WU Guoying;ZHANG Xiang;CHENG Jialin(Key Laboratory of Yellow River Sediment Research,Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 10010,China;State Key Laboratory ofWater Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)
出处
《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第9期2396-2404,共9页
Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51539004,51909102)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(HKY-JBYW-2019-02)
第四届中国科协青年人才托举工程全额资助项目(水学合同201938)
黄河水利科学研究院科技发展基金资助项目(黄科发201907)。
关键词
黄河下游
造床流量
滑动分析方法
水沙关系
马卡维也夫方法
the lower Yellow River
dominant discharge
moving analysis method
water and sediment relationship
Makayev method
