摘要
目的分析2005-2018年绵阳市涪城区甲、乙类传染病疫情的流行状况,为传染病防控提供策略和依据。方法利用中国疾病预防控制信息系统网络直报中的相关数据资料,应用描述流行病学方法对涪城区2005-2018年甲、乙类法定传染病疫情资料进行统计分析。采用SPSS 18.0软件进行χ2检验,季节性分布采用圆形分布分析。结果 2005-2018年涪城区共报告甲、乙类法定传染病19种25 320例,死亡137例,年均报告发病率为287.77/10万,死亡率为1.56/10万,病死率为0.54%。发病前4位的是病毒性肝炎、肺结核、梅毒和艾滋病/HIV;死亡率以艾滋病为高。城区发病率高于乡镇(χ^2=73.45,P<0.01);全年各月均有发病,无季节性发病高峰(r=0.066,P>0.2);男女发病1.66∶1,男性发病率高于女性(χ^2=1 454.42,P<0.01);职业以农民及民工为主占28.18%;发病年龄以80岁以上为高,621.68/10万;传播途经以血液及性传播疾病发病为主(59.15%)。结论 2005-2018年涪城区甲、乙类报告传染病呈逐年下降趋势,但乙肝、肺结核、艾滋病/HIV等重大传染病的防制任务仍十分艰巨,同时需要应对新发传染病的挑战,防治工作仍应加强。
Objective To analyze the epidemic status of Class A and B infectious diseases in Fucheng District from 2005 to 2018,in order to provide strategies and basis for the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Methods The relevant data was extracted from the network direct report of the China CDC Information Network. The epidemic data of Class A and B infectious diseases in Fucheng District from 2005 to 2018 was analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method. SPSS18.0 software was used for Chi-square test and circualr distribution analysis. Results From 2005 to2018, a total of 25 320 cases of 19 types of Class A and B legal infectious diseases and 137 deaths were reported in Fucheng District. The average annual reported morbidity rate was 287.77/100 000,the mortality rate was 1.56/105,and the mortality rate was 0.54%. The top four diseases with highest incidence were viral hepatitis,tuberculosis, syphilis, and AIDS/HIV, the disease with the highest mortality rate was AIDS. The incidence rate in urban areas was higher than that in towns (χ^2=73.45,P<0.001),the disease occurred every month throughout the year,and there was no seasonal peak(r=0.066,P>0.2),the incidence rate was 1.66∶1 for men to women,and the incidence rate in men was higher than that in women (χ^2= 1454.42,P<0.01). In terms of occupation,farmers and migrant workers were the mainly cases,accounting for 28.18%,people older than 80 years old showed higher incidence, 621.68/100 000. Blood and sexually transmitted diseases were more common,accounting for 59.15%. Conclusion From 2005 to 2018,the reported infectious diseases of Class A and B in Fucheng District showed a downward trend year by year.However,the prevention and control of major infectious diseases such as hepatitis B,tuberculosis,and AIDS/HIV is still very arduous and tough. At the same time,the challenges of newly emerging infectious diseases remain to be faced positively. The capacity of disease prevention and control should be further strengthened.
作者
张先德
ZHANG Xiande(Fucheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan Province,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2020年第9期1124-1130,共7页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
甲乙类传染病
发病特征
流行特征
统计分析
class A and B infectious diseases
incidence characteristics
epidemic characteristics
statistical analysis
