摘要
[目的]探明清水河流域河岸带植物群落组成、类型、分布、多样性等特征。[方法]在清水河流域设置30个断面,采用样方、GPS定位等野外植物群落调查方法调查记录,应用重要值、Margalef指数、Shannon-Wiener指数分析群落组成、类别、分布、多样性等特征。[结果]清水河河岸带分布有50科125属180种维管植物,包含蕨类植物1科1属2种,裸子植物1科1属1种,被子植物48科123属177种。其中双子叶植物39科98属139种,单子叶植物9科25属38种。清水河河岸带乔木类植物中旱柳、垂柳为主要物种;灌木植物类群中以柽柳分布最广;草本植物以芦苇、碱蓬、赖草、中亚滨藜、芨芨草为主。清水河河岸带植物Margalef丰富度指数在0.36~5.27之间,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数在0.25~2.93之间。[结论]清水河流域河岸植被类型构成较为简单,多为草本植物,群落十分单一,生态功能相对较弱,主要受制于物种分布的均匀度不够。
[Objective]The characteristics of plant community composition,category,distribution and diversity in the riparian zone of Qingshuihe River Basin were explored.[Method]30 sample sites were set up in the Qingshui River Basin,the field survey methods of quadrate sampling and GPS positioning were used to investigate and record,and the important values,Margalef index,Shannon-Wiener index were applied to analyze the characteristics of community composition,category,distribution,diversity and so on.[Result]There were 180 species of vascular plants of 125 genera and 50 families in the Qingshui River riparian zone,including ferns of 1 family,1 genera and 2 species,gymnosperms of 1 family,1 genera and 1 species,and angiosperms of 48 families and 123 genera and 177 species.Among them,there were 139 species of 98 genera and 39 families of dicotyledons,and 38 species of 25 genera and 9 families of monocotyledons.Salix matsudana and Salix babylonica were the main species of arbor plants among the plants in the riparian zone of the Qingshui River.Tamarix chinensis was the most widely distributed among the shrub species.Phragmites australis,Suaeda glauca,Leymus secalinus,Atrilex centralasiatica and Achnatherum splendens were the main herbal plants.The Margalef index of plants in the riparian zone of Qingshui River ranged from 0.36 to 5.27,and the Shannon-Wiener index ranged from 0.25 to 2.93.[Conclusion]The composition of riparian vegetation in the Qingshui River Basin was relatively simple,mostly herb plants,the community was very simple,and the ecological function was relatively weak,mainly dued to the insufficient evenness of species distribution.
作者
段杰仁
石伟
邱小琮
王晓奕
DUAN Jie-ren;SHI Wei;QIU Xiao-cong(The 7th Middle School of Guyuan City,Guyuan,Ningxia 756002;Yinchuan Aquaculture Technology Promotion Service Center,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750001;School of Life Science,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2020年第19期73-76,共4页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(水利工程)资助项目(NXYLXK2017A03)。
关键词
清水河河岸带
植被
组成
多样性
Riparian zone of Qingshui River Basin
Vegetation
Composition
Diversity
