摘要
为研究杭州湾O3污染的形成机制,采用在线监测系统对杭州湾北岸上海段石化集中区O3及其前体物开展了为期1个月(2019年5月)的同步连续观测.采用OZIPR(臭氧等值线研究)模型分析O3生成的敏感性.在O3重度污染期间,利用PMF(正定矩阵因子分解)模型对O3前体物——VOCs进行源解析,采用臭氧生成潜势及气团老化分别估算了VOCs的反应活性和化学消耗.结果表明:①2019年5月杭州湾北岸上海段石化集中区O3的IAQI(空气质量分指数)优良率仅为61.3%,ρ(O3)第90%分位值为173.0μg/m 3.5月22日、23日发生重度O3污染,O3日最大8 h滑动平均值分别为(284.4±19.2)(282.0±14.2)μg/m 3,分别超过GB 3095—2012《环境空气质量标准》二级标准限值(160μg/m 3)的77.75%和76.25%.②O3的生成受VOCs控制,降低VOCs的排放可在一定程度上降低O3的生成,降低NO x的排放反而会促进O3的生成.③O3重度污染期间,VOCs主要来自化工区排放(72.35%)和机动车尾气排放(27.65%).④O3重度污染期间,烯烃、炔烃及芳香烃对O3生成的贡献率之和在80.00%以上,其中丙烯、乙烯和甲苯的贡献率分别为29.97%、15.60%和14.16%;芳香烃及烯烃和炔烃是最主要的VOCs化学消耗物种,其中φ(丙烯)、φ(乙烯)和φ(1,2,4-三甲苯)的消耗量分别为13.57×10^-9、4.93×10^-9和3.55×10^-9.研究显示,杭州湾北岸上海段5月O3的生成受化工区影响显著,丙烯与乙烯是O3重污染期间关键的O3前体物.
In order to study the formation mechanism of O3 pollution in Hangzhou Bay,O3 and its precursors in the atmosphere were simultaneously observed in the Shanghai section of the Hangzhou Bay North Shore in May 2019.The Ozone Isopleth Plotting Research(OZIPR)model was used to analyze the sensitivity of O3 generation.During heavy O3 pollution episode,the Positive Matrix Factor(PMF)model was used to analyze the source of O3 precursors VOCs,and the ozone formation potential(OFP)and age of the air mass were used to estimate the reactivity and chemical consumption of VOCs,respectively.The results showed that:(1)The excellent and good rate of Individual Air Quality Index(IAQI)of O3 in Shanghai Section of Hangzhou Bay North Shore in May was only 61.3%,and the 90 th percentile ofρ(O3)was 173.0μg m 3.We observed a heavy O3 pollution episode from May 22 nd to 23 rd,theρ(O3-max-8 h)was(284.4±19.2)and(282.0±14.2)μg m 3,which exceeded the National Ambient Air Quality Standards(GB 3095-2012)second limit level(160μg m 3)by 77.75%and 76.25%,respectively.(2)O3 formation at the sampling site mainly depended on VOCs,indicating that effective control of VOCs may help decrease O3 production.(3)During the period of heavy O3 pollution,VOCs mainly came from the chemical industry areas(72.35%)and motor vehicle exhaust(27.65%).(4)During O3 heavily polluted days,enynes and aromatics contributed greatly to O3 formation because of high reactive activity.Propylene,ethylene and toluene contributed 29.97%,15.60%and 14.16%to the total OFP,respectively.Aromatic hydrocarbons and enynes were the most important chemical consumption species of VOCs,of which the consumption ofφ(propylene),φ(ethylene)andφ(1,2,4-trimethylbenzene)was 13.57×10-9,4.93×10-9 and 3.55×10-9,respectively.The results show that the O3 generation in Shanghai section of Hangzhou Bay North Shore in May was significantly affected by the industrial area.Propylene and ethylene were the key O3 precursors for the heavy O3 pollution.
作者
徐家洛
段炼
朱雨欣
陈凌霄
黄晴
修光利
XU Jialuo;DUAN Lian;ZHU Yuxin;CHEN Lingxiao;HUANG Qing;XIU Guangli(Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants,School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process,School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security,Shanghai 200237,China)
出处
《环境科学研究》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第10期2246-2255,共10页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
上海市科技创新行动计划支持项目(No.19DZ1205000)
国家自然科学基金项目(No.21906055)
国家重点研发计划项目(No.2016YFC0200502)。
关键词
杭州湾
石化集中区
O3
敏感性
臭氧生成潜势(OFP)
Hangzhou Bay
petrochemical concentration area
O 3
sensitivity
ozone formation potential(OFP)
