摘要
应用排污系数法,结合ArcGIS软件及等标污染负荷法,对北方大型城市-天津的农业面源排放特征进行分析,并采用离差标准化法和聚类划分法分析潜在环境污染风险。结果表明:2017年天津市农业面源的COD、TN和TP污染排放量分别为91072.15 t、11760.70 t和871.86 t,各污染物的排放量和贡献强度在空间上具有较强的一致性,呈现中部低、南北部高的分布特征。宝坻区、武清区和静海区污染贡献量较大,等标污染负荷量分别为3035.74 m3、11760.70 m3和8718.68 m3。根据污染风险指数,重点控制区确定为武清区、宁河区和静海区等种植业源主导区,中度、低度污染风险区分别为畜禽养殖-种植业源复合主导区域和水产养殖-种植业源复合主导区域。需控制化肥施用,改进粗放养殖方式,合理处理养殖废水以降低农业面源污染风险。
In order to protect the ecological environment and the health of the residents in the North,the pollution discharge coefficient method,the method of equivalent pollution load and GIS software are used to estimate the agricultural non-point source pollution.In addition,the method of dispersion standardization is used to analyze the sequence of the pollution risk,and the method of clustering analysis to divide the types of pollution.This study analyzes the characteristics of a large northern city-Tianjin.The results show that the pollution load of COD,TN and TP in Tianjin in 2017 are 91072.15,11760.7 and 871.86 t respectively,and the equivalent pollution loads are 3035.74,11760.70 and 8718.68 m3 separately.Among the districts,the Baodi District,Wuqing District and Jinghai District have higher pollution loads,which are the key control areas.The spatial analysis shows the similar distribution characteristics of pollution load and pollution intensity in different pollutants,which are higher in the middle and lower in the north and south.According to the pollution risk index,the key control areas are identified as Wuqing District,Ninghe District and Jinghai District.The medium and low pollution risk areas are respectively the livestock and poultry breeding-planting sources complex-leading areas and the aquaculture-planting source complex-leading areas.By controlling the application of chemical fertilizers,improving extensive aquaculture methods,and rationally treating aquaculture wastewater are the control measures to control agricultural non-point source pollution and reduce environmental risks in Tianjin.
作者
赵吉睿
赵薇
孙猛
刘佳泓
魏代艳
邓江洋
徐媛
ZHAO Ji-rui;ZHAO Wei;SUN Meng;LIU Jia-hong;WEI Dai-yan;DENG Jiang-yang;XU Yuan(Tianjin Eco-environmental Monitoring Center, Tianjin 300191, China;Tianjin TianbinRuicheng Environmental Technology Engineering Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300191, China)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2020年第10期71-76,87,共7页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
天津市科技重大专项与工程项目(18ZXSZSF00130)。
关键词
农业面源
排放特征
污染风险
天津市
agricultural non-point source pollution
pollution discharge characteristics
pollution risk
Tianjin
