摘要
"定时炸弹假设"提出了营救刑讯能否被正当化的难题。特别是在恐怖主义犯罪成为人类社会痼疾的当下,营救刑讯可否正当化、如何正当化及其正当化限度成为了亟待解决的关键问题。尽管议论纷纷,但舍弃纯粹理念性、伦理性的观点后,在规范性论证中,存在承认营救刑讯通过正当防卫而有限正当化的空间。作为正当防卫的营救刑讯,是针对恐怖主义犯罪造成法益危险后,拒不消除该危险的不作为的防卫,目的在于阻止该危险终局性地转化为实害的发生。警察进行营救刑讯,可以在刑法上阻却其违法性。但在刑事诉讼中,营救刑讯的使用应当加以限制,即只能出于营救目的,防止严重的犯罪实害发生,而不能用于获取定罪证据,以免侵蚀刑事诉讼的底线正义。同时,对于营救刑讯中的假想防卫、防卫过当也应当审慎判断。
The "Time Bomb Hypothesis" raises the question of whether a rescue torture can be justified. Especially when terrorism crimes become the ills of human society, whether the rescue of torture can be justified, how to justify it and its justification limit has become a key issue to be solved urgently. Despite all the arguments, but after abandoning the purely conceptual and ethical point of view, in the normative argument, there is room for acknowledging the limited legitimacy of rescue torture through proper defense. As a rescue defense of legitimate defense, it is a defense against the inaction of the danger after the danger of a legal offence is caused by a terrorist crime. The purpose is to prevent the dangerous end from being transformed into a real harm. The police can rescue the torture by blocking the criminal law. However, in criminal proceedings, the use of rescue torture should be restricted, that is, it can only be used for rescue purposes, to prevent serious crimes from occurring, and not to obtain evidence of conviction, so as not to erode the bottom line justice of criminal proceedings. At the same time, it is also prudent to judge the imaginary defense and defense in the rescue of torture.
出处
《政法论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第5期119-132,共14页
Tribune of Political Science and Law
基金
国家重点研发计划“高质高效的审判支撑关键技术及装备研究”(编号:2018YFC0830300)
云南省哲学社会科学规划基金项目“宪法治理视角下的审判中心主义诉讼制度研究”(编号:QN2017014)的支持
云南大学东陆中青年骨干教师培养计划的支持。
关键词
恐怖主义犯罪
营救刑讯
正当防卫
正当化
Terrorist Crime
Rescue Torture
Legitimate Defense
Justification
