摘要
[目的]调查四川省医养结合型养老机构老年人服务需求属性及其影响因素,为医养结合型养老机构实现对老年人服务需求满足的“靶向精准”提供参考。[方法]采用便利抽样方法,于2019年2月-6月抽取成都市、攀枝花市、泸州市、自贡市27所医养结合型养老机构内773名老年人为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、Barthel指数评定表(BI)、孤独感量表(ULS-8)、社会网络量表(LSNS)及自制医养结合型养老机构老年人服务需求Kano属性问卷进行调查。[结果]老年人在整体层面对55项服务具有一定的需求,包括22项必备型需求、7项期望型需求、26项魅力型需求。多元线性逐步回归结果显示,自理能力等级、年龄、每月机构照护费用、月收入、功能性共患病指数、子女数量、文化程度、孤独感、户口所在地、婚姻状况是医养结合型养老机构老年人服务需求的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。[结论]医养结合型养老机构老年人整体呈现出高龄、多病、失能、孤独且社会支持较差等特征,养老服务整体需求呈现出“高依赖性”和“高期待性”倾向,养老机构应注意对老年人进行特征群体的划分及需求的差异性满足,制定“基础保障”+“个性选择”的弹性服务菜单。
Objective:To investigate the attributes and influencing factors of service demand for the elderly in medical-nursing combined institutions in Sichuan province,so as to provide reference for the"targeted precision"of the elderly service needs of the medical-nursing combined institutions.Methods:Totally 773 elderly people who lived in 27 medical-nursing combined institutions in Chengdu,Panzhihua,Luzhou and Zigong from February 2019 to June 2019,were selected by convenient sampling.Questionaire investigation was carried out by using the general information questionnaire,Barthel Index(BI),the short-form of the UCLA Loneliness Scale(ULS-8),Lubben Social Network Scale(LSNS)and self-made Kano attribute questionnaire on the service demand of the elderly in medical-nursing combined institutions.Results:The elderly had a certain demand for 55 services at the overall level,including 22 must-be quality(M),7 one-dimensional quality(O)and 26 attractive quality(A).Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that self-care ability level,age,monthly institutional care costs,monthly income,functional comorbidity index,number of children,education level,loneliness,household registration location,and marital status were the main influencing factors of the service demand of the elderly in medical-nursing combined institutions(P<0.05).Conclusion:The elderly in medical-nursing combined institutions were characterized by old age,disease,disability,loneliness and poor social support.The overall demand for the elderly care services showed a tendency of"high dependence"and"high expectation".Pension institutions should pay attention to the division of characteristic groups of the elderly and meet their different needs,in order to formulate a flexible service menu of"basic security"+"individual choice".
作者
刘晓楚
蔚坤妍
顾立
鞠梅
LIU Xiaochu;WEI Kunyan;GU Li;JU Mei(Luzhou People′s Hospital,Sichuan 646000 China)
出处
《护理研究》
北大核心
2020年第19期3373-3381,共9页
Chinese Nursing Research
基金
国家社会科学基金项目,编号:16XSH017
四川省科技厅项目,编号:2014TSX-0176。
关键词
老年人
医养结合
需求
养老机构
影响因素
KANO模型
老龄化
elderly
medical-nursing combined
demand
pension institutions
influencing factors
Kano model
aging
