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云南瑞丽缅甸籍流动人口的语言能力与职业发展 被引量:6

The Interplay of Myanmar Migrants’Language Competence and Employment Trajectory at Ruili Yunnan
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摘要 全球化背景下流动人口的语言能力和职业发展是社会语言学关注的话题,然而现有相关研究多聚焦欧美发达国家的精英群体,鲜有研究涉及边境多语地区的跨境流动人口。“一带一路”倡议背景下,我国边境地区涌现大量跨境外籍人口,影响我国边境地区的语言格局,为我国当下的语言扶贫事业带来新的发展路径。本文基于中缅最大陆路贸易口岸云南省瑞丽市的田野调查,探讨缅甸籍跨境流动人口的语言能力及其在华的职业特征和发展路径。研究发现,语言是实现来华缅籍人口生存和发展的资本,边境地区的不同行业对多语能力呈现不同需求,以汉语为主导的多语能力不但是实现来华缅籍人口职业发展和社会流动的最佳模式,也为中缅边境地区的融合发展带来语言辐射效应。本研究为我国边疆地区脱贫攻坚提供可参考的语言治理方案,为我国边境汉语国际教育提供可借鉴的新思路,为我国面向邻国的“一带一路”建设提供新的研究视角。 Migrants’language competence and employment trajectory is one of the key concerns in sociolinguistics in the context of globalization.However,existing studies tend to focus on the elite migrants in West-European and Anglophone countries while little attention has been paid to grassroots migrants at multilingual border regions.China’s Belt and Road Initiative is drawing an increasing number of migrants crossing the border to China for work.This has been shaping the language order of China’s border regions and also bringing a new challenge to China’s language-driven poverty alleviation.Based on an ethnographic fi eld work conducted at Ruili,the largest land port between China and Myanmar,this study examines the interplay of Myanmar grassroots migrants’language competence and employment trajectory in China.Findings indicate that language is the key capital for Myanmar migrants to survive and fulfi l their employment.Chinese-mediated multilingual competence not only constitutes the ideal language combination to facilitate Myanmar migrants’employment prospect and social upward mobility in China,but also creates regional economic integration across the China-and-Myanmar borders.This study sheds some lights on language governance in alleviating poverty along the Chinese border,construct a new way of developing Chinese as an international language at China’s border regions and also provide a new perspective on enhancing China’s Belt and Road Initiative.
作者 李佳 张洁 Li Jia;Zhang Jie
出处 《语言战略研究》 2020年第6期69-77,共9页 Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning
关键词 自下而上的全球化 边境流动人口 语言能力 职业发展 globalization from below border migrants language competence employment trajectory
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