摘要
目的为3~6岁的儿童进行听力筛查,并分析听力受损的原因,制定合理的保健计划,以提升儿童的听力问题。方法该研究样本方便选取于2018年9月—2019年9月某市辖区内的6所幼儿园中的儿童,共300例,根据儿童的初次筛查结果进行分组,听力正常的儿童设为健康组(n=274),听力异常的儿童设为异常组(n=26),分析两组儿童出现听力受损情况的原因。结果经过筛查后,300例儿童中有91.33%的儿童通过听力筛查,其中双耳未通过率为3.71%,单耳未通过率为4.96%,通过分析儿童出现听力受损的孕期状态原因发现,健康组剖宫产(1.82%)、巨大儿(1.09%)、出生窒息(0.72%)以及孕期服用药物的情况(2.18%)均低于异常组(χ^2剖宫产=8.632,P<0.005;χ^2巨大儿=13.214,P<0.005;χ^2窒息=16.927,P<0.05;χ^2孕期服药=43.597,P<0.05)。结论儿童的听力问题应该多加重视,儿童家长应知晓孕期状态对于儿童听力会产生影响,需尽早携带儿童去医院内进行听力检查,多为儿童实施听力保健,以确保儿童可以正常成长发育。
Objective To perform hearing screening for children aged 3 to 6 years,analyze the causes of hearing loss,and formulate a reasonable health care plan to improve children’s hearing problems.Methods The sample of this study conveniently selected children in 6 kindergartens in a certain municipal area from September 2018 to September 2019,with a total of 300 cases.They were grouped according to the results of the children’s initial screening,and children with normal hearing were set as the healthy group(n=274),the children with abnormal hearing were set as the abnormal group(n=26),and the reasons for the hearing impairment of the two groups of children were analyzed.Results After screening,91.33%of the 300 children passed the hearing screening.Among them,the failure rate for both ears was 3.71%and the failure rate for one ear was 4.96%.It was found by analyzing the pregnancy status causes of hearing impairment in children.Caesarean section(1.82%),macrosomia(1.09%),birth asphyxia(0.72%),and drug use during pregnancy(2.18%)in health group were lower than those in abnormal group(χ~2 cesarean section=8.632,P<0.005;χ~2 giant infant=13.214,P<0.005;χ~2 asphyxia=16.927,P<0.05;χ~2 medication during pregnancy=43.597,P<0.05).Conclusion Children’s hearing problems should be paid more attention to.Parents of children should be aware that the state of pregnancy will affect children’s hearing.It is necessary to take the children to the hospital for hearing examination as soon as possible,and implement hearing care for the children to ensure their normal growth and development.
作者
蔡文萍
沈梅
CAI Wen-ping;SHEN Mei(Department of Child Health,Urumqi First People's Hospital(North Hospital),Urumqi,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,830000 China)
出处
《中外医疗》
2020年第24期72-74,共3页
China & Foreign Medical Treatment
关键词
3~6岁
儿童
听力筛查
听力保健
3 to 6 years old
Children
Hearing screening
Hearing care
