摘要
金属纳米材料具有优于相应块体材料的优良特性,由于合成方法所限,很难实现宏观量级尺度金属纳米材料的定向生长。固态离子学法能够有效控制纳米材料的形貌、长度、排列有序度和粗糙度,制备宏观尺寸的纳米材料。该文详细介绍了固态离子学法的制备机理;分别综述了单一金属纳米材料的制备过程及电场强度、电流和快离子导体薄膜的种类对材料的形貌和排列有序度的影响,并介绍了不同合金纳米材料和复合纳米材料的制备工艺,通过对比单一金属纳米材料、合金及复合纳米材料分别作为表面增强拉曼散射基底时的极限浓度,总结了影响检测灵敏度的因素;最后总结了该领域面临的问题,并对该方法未来的发展趋势进行展望。
Metal nanomaterials have excellent properties superior to corresponding bulk materials. The directional growth of macro-area metal nanostructures cannot be obtained due to the limitation of synthesis methods. Solid-state ionics method can prepare ideal nanostructures by effectively controlling the morphology of surface, length, order degree and surface roughness of nanostructures. Firstly, the preparation mechanism of solid-state ionics method is reviewed. Secondly, the preparation process of single metal nanostructures and the effects of electric field strength, electric current and types of fast ionic conductor films on the morphology and order degree of nanostructures are introduced. Then, the preparation techniques of different alloy nanostructures and composite nanostructures are summarized. Moreover, different factors affecting the detection sensitivity are summarized by comparing the limiting concentrations of different nanostructures as surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) substrate. Finally, the problems in this field are summarized and the future research trend of this method is prospected.
作者
张一帆
徐大鹏
江恒泽
王子雄
ZHANG Yifan;XU Dapeng;JIANG Hengze;WANG Zixiong(School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering,Xi'an Technological University,Xi'an 710021,Shaanxi,China)
出处
《精细化工》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第9期1762-1768,共7页
Fine Chemicals
基金
国家自然科学基金(11504284)。
关键词
固态离子学法
金属纳米材料
快离子导体薄膜
排列有序度
表面增强拉曼散射
solid-state ionics method
metal nanomaterials
fast ionic conductor films
order degree
surface enhanced Raman scattering
