摘要
作为一种特殊的海关监管区域,美国的对外贸易区产生于20世纪30年代特定的时代背景下,至今已走过80多年的发展历程,形成了一套较为完备的法律制度和管理体系,但从经营状况来看,为数众多的对外贸易区在美国整体的经济体系中并没有发挥特别显著的作用,无论是增加就业还是促进出口效果都不明显。虽然美国制定了一系列“制造业回流”的政策,但在经济规律的作用下,这些政策更多是政治性而非经济性的,未来对外贸易区所能起到的作用可能仍然有限。受诸多因素影响,我国自由贸易试验区对美国对外贸易区的借鉴应更多集中在实际操作的层面上,如提高海关通关效率、提升贸易便利化水平等,从而打造更具国际竞争力的营商环境。
As a special area of customs supervision,the foreign trade zones of the United States originated in the specific background of the 1930s,and have gone through more than 80 years of development so far,forming a relatively complete legal system and management system.However,the numerous foreign trade zones do not played a particularly significant role in the overall economic system of the United States from the view of the state of operation,either in increasing employment or promoting exports.Although the United States has formulated a series of"manufacturing reflux"policies,these policies are more political than economic,and the role of foreign trade zones may still be limited in the future.Influenced by many factors,China's free trade pilot zones should focus more on the experience of practical operation of the U.S.foreign trade zones,such as improving customs clearance efficiency and trade facilitation level,so as to create a more competitive business environment.
作者
朱文龙
ZHU Wenlong(School of Marxism,Gannan Normal University,Ganzhou,341000,China)
出处
《赣南师范大学学报》
2020年第5期135-140,共6页
Journal of Gannan Normal University
基金
2016年江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目(FX162005)。
关键词
对外贸易区
自由贸易试验区
US foreign trade zone
China's free trade pilot zone
