摘要
考察几种生化抑制剂及其组合对玉米产量、氮肥利用率等方面的影响,以期筛选出适合棕壤地区适用的生化抑制剂组合,提高作物产量及氮肥利用率。以沈阳农业大学试验地(北纬40°48′,东经123°33′)耕层土壤(0~20 cm)为材料,进行氮肥配施不同种类的生化抑制剂[3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐(DMPP)、双氰胺(DCD)、N-丁基硫代磷酰三胺(NBPT)、钙盐]及其组合的玉米盆栽试验。试验共设9个处理:(1)全量尿素+化学磷钾肥(NPK);(2)80%尿素+化学磷钾(N1PK);(3)单施化学磷钾肥(PK);(4)80%尿素+化学磷钾肥+1%DCD+0.1%DMPP(N1PKDP);(5)80%尿素+化学磷钾肥+1%DCD+1%NBPT(N1PKDN);(6)80%尿素+化学磷钾肥+1%NBPT+0.1%DMPP(N1PKNP);(7)80%尿素+化学磷钾肥+20%钙盐+0.1%DMPP(N1PKCP);(8)80%尿素+化学磷钾肥+0.1%DMPP(N1PKP);(9)80%尿素+化学磷钾肥+1%DCD(N1PKD),测定各处理的土壤铵态氮、硝态氮、脲酶活性、硝化潜势、pH、玉米的氮磷钾吸收积累量以及氮肥利用率。结果表明:所有添加生化抑制剂的处理均能显著提高土壤中铵态氮含量,降低土壤中硝态氮含量和土壤硝化潜势,提高氮磷钾吸收积累量。与N1PK处理相比,除N1PKDP处理外,其他添加生化抑制剂处理均提高了玉米氮肥利用率、生物量和产量,其中N1PKCP、N1PKP和N1PKD处理效果最明显,氮肥利用率分别提高5.02%、4.60%和4.59%;干物质量分别增加16.28%、16.53%和15.67%;产量分别增加21.52%、19.45%和19.67%。除N1PKDP处理外,在棕壤上施用生化抑制剂能显著增加玉米产量和氮肥利用率,以N1PKCP处理效果最好。生化抑制剂组合并不一定比单一抑制剂施用效果更佳,在特定土壤类型需进行筛选得出效果好的抑制剂组合。
In order to screen out suitable combinations of biochemical inhibitors for brown soil area,and then to improve crop yield and nitrogen utilization rate,the objective of this study was to understand the effects of several combinations of biochemical inhibitors on maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency,etc.In this study,the cultivated soil(0-20cm)collected fromthe experimental farm of Shenyang Agricultural University(40°48′N,123°33′E)was used as the material to carry out the maize pot experiment with different kinds of biochemical inhibitors(DMPP,DCD,NBPT,calcium salt)and their combinations.Ninetreatments were designed:(1)total urea+chemical phosphorus and potassium fertilizer(NPK);(2)80%urea+chemical phosphorus and potassium fertilizer(N1PK);(3)chemical phosphorus and potassium fertilizer(PK);(4)80%urea+chemical phosphorus and potassium fertilizer+1%DCD+0.1%DMPP(N1PKDP);(5)80%urea+chemical phosphorus and potassium fertilizer+1%DCD+1%NBPT(N1PKDN);(6)80%urea+chemical phosphorus and potassic fertilizer+1%NBPT+0.1%DMPP(N1PKNP);(7)80%urea+chemical phosphorus and potassium fertilizer+20%calcium salt+0.1%DMPP(N1PKCP);(8)80%urea+chemical phosphorus and potassium fertilizer+0.1%DMPP(N1PKP);(9)80%urea+chemical phosphorus and potassium fertilizer+1%DCD(N1PKD).The soil ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,urease activity,nitrification potential,pH,available potassium,available phosphorus,accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents of maize,and nitrogen use efficiency of maize were measured.The results showed that the content of ammonium nitrogen in the soil and accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents of maize were significantly increased,while the content of nitrate nitrogen and the nitrification potential in the soil were significantly decrease in all treatments with addition of biochemical inhibitors.Compared with the N1PK treatment,nitrogen use efficiency,biomass and yield of maize were improved in treatments with addition of biochemical inhibitors except the N1PKDP treatment.Effects
作者
罗培宇
霍仁杰
郭静
杨劲峰
刘宁
孙振涛
房朝辉
李迎
韩晓日
LUO Pei-yu;HUO Ren-jie;GUO Jing;YANG Jin-feng;LIU Ning;SUN Zhen-tao;FANG Zhao-hui;LI Ying;HAN Xiao-ri(College of Land and Environment/National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources/Northeast Scientific Observation Station of Corn Nutrition and Fertilization of Ministry of Agriculture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期454-461,共8页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0200707)。
关键词
生化抑制剂
抑制剂组合
玉米产量
棕壤
biochemical inhibitor
inhibitor combination
maize yield
brown soil
