摘要
本研究以武夷山御茶园、龟岩和旗山3个种植区的水仙茶树为研究对象,测定了土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性、水仙生长光合指标以及叶片品质指标,探讨武夷山茶园土壤对水仙茶树生长与品质的影响。结果表明,旗山茶园土壤总氮和有效氮高出一级肥力标准37%和45%,总磷和有效磷高出62%和38%,而有机质比一级肥力标准低44%。御茶园的有机质是旗山的2.35倍。除了过氧化氢酶活性,5个土壤酶活性趋势为御茶园>龟岩>旗山,且存在显著性差异(P<0.05),土壤酶活性与pH、氮磷呈负相关,与钾和有机质呈正相关。水仙生长光合指标总体趋势为旗山>龟岩>御茶园,且与土壤pH、总氮和有效氮均呈正相关,与有机质呈负相关,与过氧化氢酶之外的4种土壤酶活性呈负相关。鲜叶品质指标总体趋势为御茶园>龟岩>旗山。御茶园鲜叶的茶氨酸、游离氨基酸、儿茶素和茶多酚含量分别是旗山的1.93、1.64、1.57和1.54倍。除咖啡碱外,6个品质指标与土壤pH、氮磷、过氧化氢酶活性呈负相关,而与钾、有机质和其他5个土壤酶活性呈正相关。大多品质指标与生长光合指标呈负相关。总之,高氮使局部土壤pH上升和过氧化氢酶活性增强,虽有利于茶树生长,但降低了其他酶活性,使养分循环转化利用降低,进而影响了叶片光合作用,降低了初生代谢和次生代谢物质合成,品质下降。因此,应以“减氮控磷补钾,增加有机质”为管理措施,以提高武夷水仙品质。
In this study,tea trees of Wuyi Shuixian(Camellia sinensis)growing in three tea plantations,namely,Yu,Guiyan and Qishan were selected as the materials.The physico-chemical properties and enzyme activities of tea soils,and the growth and photosynthesis,and the quality indexes of tea leaves were determined.And the relationship of the indexes was analyzed.The results showed that in Qishan plantation,the total nitrogen and available nitrogen were 37%and 45%higher,and total phosphorus and available phosphorus were 62%and 38%higher than the first-grade fertility standard.While organic matter was 44%lower than the first-grade fertility standard.The organic matter of Yu was 2.35 times than that of Qishan.The trend of five soil enzymes activity was generally Qishan>Guiyan>Yu,except catalase activity,and there were significant differences(P<0.05)among the three tea plantations.The enzymatic activity of five enzymes in the soil was negatively correlated with pH value and N,P contents,and positively correlated with K and organic matter contents.The trend of growth and photosynthetic indexes was generally Qishan>Guiyan>Yu,and was positively correlated with pH value and N content and negatively correlated with organic matter content,and with activity of urease,acid phosphatase,polyphenol oxidase,and protease.The quality indexes of fresh tea leaves was generally Yu>Guiyan>Qishan.The content of theanine,free amino acid,catechin,and tea polyphenols in fresh leaves of Yu was 1.93,1.64,1.57 and 1.54 times than that of Qishan,respectively.The 6 quality indexes(except caffeine)were negatively correlated with pH value,NP,and catalase activity,and positively correlated with K,organic matter and 5 soil enzyme activity.Most of the quality indexes were negatively correlated with the growth and photosynthetic indexes.The results suggested that higher nitrogen increased the pH value and enhanced catalase activity of the soil,which was beneficial to the tea growth,whereas decreased other soil enzyme activities,which resulting in low recyclin
作者
叶江华
胡文文
张奇
张渤
汪鹏
罗盛财
王海斌
贾小丽
何海斌
YE Jianghua;HU Wenwen;ZHANG Qi;ZHANG Bo;WANG Peng;LUO Shengcai;WANG Haibin;JIA Xiaoli;HE Haibin(College of Tea and Food Science,Wuyi University,Wuyishan,Fujian 353400,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring/Agroecological Institute,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Agriculture Bureau of Wuyishan City,Wuyishan,Fujian 353400,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第9期1838-1846,共9页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(No.2017YFE0121800)
福建省2011协同创新中心—中国乌龙茶产业协同创新中心专项资助项目(闽教科No.[2015]75号)
武夷学院“高级引进人才科研启动项目”(No.YJ201701)。
关键词
武夷水仙
土壤理化性质
土壤酶活性
茶叶品质
Wuyi Shuixian
soil physico-chemical property
soil enzyme activity
tea quality
