摘要
养老机构是我国失能老人照护服务的重要供给者,在提高失能老人生活质量、减轻家庭照护负担方面发挥着重要作用。但与居家照护相比,养老机构中存在失能老人社会隔离现象。其产生机制是空间隔离造成失能老人社会角色与社会功能丧失,从而导致其与外部社会脱节;因空间隔离所造成的失能老人个体差异凸显和机构对护理人员的任务导向绩效管理方式加剧了失能老人的内部社会脱节;失能老人与养老机构内外部社会的脱节则进一步使失能老人产生了感知隔离。为此,养老机构应完善失能老人分类管理体系,推动轻中度失能老人社会参与,加强重度失能老人心理资本建设;应建立机构责任、家庭孝道及社会支持相结合的养老事业共同体和智慧服务管理平台,促进家庭与失能老人的亲情联络;政府应构建多元养老服务主体共治机制,完善家庭养老支持政策体系,推动建设家庭标准化照护床位和社区居家养老服务体系,以实现“老有颐养,老有尊严”的政策目标。
Nursing homes are important service providers for the disabled elderly in China,which play an important role in improving the quality of life of the disabled elderly and reducing the burden of family care.However,compared with home care,there is a social isolation phenomenon of disabled elderly in the elderly care institutions.The mechanism is that spatial isolation results in the loss of social role and social function of the disabled elderly,which leads to their disconnection from the external society;the individual differences of disabled elderly caused by spatial isolation and the task-oriented performance management of nursing staff intensify the internal social disconnectedness;the external and internal social disconnectedness of disabled elderly results in their perceived isolation.Therefore,the nursing homes should implement classified management by prompting social engagement of mild to moderate disabled elders and enhancing psychological capital development of severely disabled elders;develop elderly care business community and smart care management platform by combining nursing homes′responsibility,family filial piety with social support,to facilitate interaction between family and disabled elders.The government should create co-governance mechanism,improve support policy of family care giving,and promote standardized home care bed and community-based elderly home care system,so as to achieve the policy goal of making elderly living with care and dignity.
出处
《中州学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第8期67-72,共6页
Academic Journal of Zhongzhou
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“‘健康老龄化’背景下失能老人心理资本建设研究”(19BRK012)。
关键词
养老机构
失能老人
社会网络
社会隔离
nursing home
disabled elderly
social network
social isolation
