摘要
有机种植杭白菊对提高其品质具有重要作用,壳聚糖有机水溶肥作为一种新型的有机肥料在果蔬上已有广泛应用,其在有机杭白菊苗期的最佳用量及其促进苗期生长的作用机制尚不清楚。本研究采用盆栽试验,设置不施肥(CK)、壳聚糖有机水溶肥稀释液1000倍(T1)、500倍(T2)、300倍(T3)、100倍(T4)5个处理,分析了各处理对杭白菊生物量、生长发育指标、根系形态特征、光合作用、碳氮含量及碳氮比的影响。结果表明:与CK相比,T3处理根鲜重、地上部鲜重、叶片数、茎粗和株高分别显著增加了64%、110%、27%、17%和32%,表明壳聚糖类有机水溶肥稀释300倍是有机杭白菊苗期最佳用量。此外,与CK比,T3处理总根长、根表面积、根体积分别提高了46%、62%和69%,光合速率约增加64%,且调节了杭白菊苗期的碳氮比例,根系与地上部的碳氮比值分别为19和17。综上,改善杭白菊苗期根系的形态特征,增强光合作用,调节植株的碳氮比可能是壳聚糖有机水溶肥促进有机杭白菊苗期生长的机制之一。
Organic cultivation plays an important role in improving the quality of chrysanthemum.Chitosan organic water-soluble fertilizer,as a new organic fertilizer,has been widely used in fruits and vegetables.In this study,5 treatments were designed for a pot experiment,which included:no fertilizer(CK),chitosan organic water-soluble fertilizer diluents of 1000×(T1),500×(T2),300×(T3)and 100×(T4).The effects of these treatments on the biomass,growth and development index,root morphological characteristics,photosynthesis,carbon and nitrogen contents and carbon and nitrogen ratio of chrysanthemum were analyzed.The results showed that compared with CK treatment,the fresh weight of root,fresh weight of aboveground,leaf number,stem diameter and plant height of T3 treatment significantly increased by 64%,110%,27%,17%and 32%,respectively,which indicated that the optimum amount of organic chrysanthemum seedling was 300 times diluted by organic water-soluble fertilizer of chitosan.In addition,compared with CK,the total root length,root surface area and root volume of T3 treatment increased by 46%,62%and 69%,respectively,and the photosynthesis rate increased by 64%,and the carbon and nitrogen ratio in the seedling stage of chrysanthemum was adjusted,and the values of carbon and nitrogen ratio in the root system and the aboveground part were 19 and 17,respectively.In conclusion,the promotion of chitosan organic water-soluble fertilizer to the growth of organic chrysanthemum in seedling stage could be attributed to improving root morphological characteristics,enhancing photosynthesis and regulating plant carbon and nitrogen ratio.
作者
周金燕
纪荣婷
董刚强
闵炬
施卫明
ZHOU Jinyan;JI Rongting;DONG Gangqiang;MIN Ju;SHI Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Amway(China)Botanical R&D Center,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214115,China)
出处
《土壤》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期789-795,共7页
Soils
基金
无锡市企业院士工作站科研项目(CYR1607)
企业院士工作站科研项目(BC20160005Z)资助。
关键词
有机水溶肥
菊花
生物量
根系形态
光合作用
碳氮比
Organic water-soluble fertilizer
Chrysanthemum
Biomass
Root morphology
Photosynthesis
Carbon and nitrogen ratio
