摘要
碳同位素示踪技术具有高度的专一性和灵敏度,经过几十年的发展,形成了一系列成熟的标记方法,在陆地生态系统碳循环过程的研究中已得到广泛应用。目前,自然丰度法、与13C贫化示踪技术结合的自由空气中气体浓度增加(FACE)实验、脉冲与连续标记法以及碳同位素高丰度底物富集标记法是研究陆地生态系统碳循环过程常用的碳同位素示踪方法;通过将长期定位实验和室内模拟实验结合,量化光合碳在植物-土壤系统的传输与分配特征,明确植物光合碳对土壤有机质的来源、稳定化过程的影响及其微生物驱动机制;阐明土壤碳动态变化(迁移与转化)和新碳与老碳对土壤碳库储量的相对贡献,评估有机碳输入、转化与稳定的生物与非生物微观界面过程机制。然而,生态系统碳循环受气候、植被、人为活动等多因素影响,碳同位素技术需要结合质谱、光谱技术实现原位示踪,结合分子生物学技术阐明其微生物驱动机制,从而构建灵敏、准确、多尺度、多方位的同位素示踪技术体系。因此,该文以稳定碳同位素为主,综述了碳同位素示踪技术的原理、分析方法和在陆地生态系统碳循环过程中的应用进展,归纳总结了碳同位素示踪技术结合原位检测技术和分子生物学技术的研究进展和应用前景,并对碳同位素示踪技术存在的问题进行了分析和展望。
Recently developed in recent decades,the carbon isotope tracing technology is one of the most reliable methods,which has been widely used in the study of carbon(C)cycling in terrestrial ecosystems due to its high specificity and sensitivity.Here,the principle,analysis method and application process of C isotope tracing technology in C cycling in terrestrial ecosystem have been reviewed.Four different methods are currently being used in laboratory or field conditions,including natural abundance method,Free-Air Concentration Enrichment(FACE)technology coupling with 13 C dilution method,pulse and continuous labeling with 13 C enriched CO2,and labeling with 13 C enriched substrates.Results of field experiments and lab incubation experiments employing carbon isotope tracing technology were combined in order to quantify the transformation and distribution of photosynthetic C in plant-soil system.Furthermore,these techniques also help to understand the contribution of plant photosynthetic C to soil organic matter,the stabilization of soil organic matter and its microbial mechanism,to illustrate the dynamic changes of soil organic carbon(SOC),evaluate the contribution of new and old organic C to soil C storage,and estimate the micromechanism of SOC input,conversion and the stabilization in terrestrial ecosystems.Carbon cycle is affected by climate,vegetation,human activities and other factors,and therefore it is imperative to further develop a sensitive,accurate,multi-scale and multi-directional isotope tracing system by combining carbon isotopes with mass spectrometry,spectroscopy and molecular biological technology.We have summarized the coupled application of carbon isotope tracing technology and the in-situ detection involving molecular and biological approaches,and discussed the existing issues of carbon isotope tracing technology.
作者
葛体达
王东东
祝贞科
魏亮
魏晓梦
吴金水
GE Ti-Da;WANG Dong-Dong;ZHU Zhen-Ke;WEI Liang;WEI Xiao-Meng;WU Jin-Shui(CAS Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agriculture Ecology,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《植物生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期360-372,共13页
Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金(41430860、41761134095和41811540031)
湖南省自然科学基金优秀青年项目(2019JJ30028)
湖南省自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(2019JJ10003)
湖南省国际科技创新合作基地项目(2018WK4012)。
关键词
陆地生态系统
土壤有机质
碳循环
碳同位素示踪技术
稳定碳同位素探针技术
terrestrial ecosystem
soil organic matter
carbon cycle
carbon isotope tracing technology
stable carbon isotope probe technology
