摘要
女性第三人称单数代词是现代汉语的重要语汇,这一指称代词的诞生和确立是时代思潮、语言学家、文学书写等各种社会力量共同作用的结果,在此过程中,小说的实践与选择不可忽视。出于叙事的需要,现代小说曾以"他_女"和"那女人"指代过第三人称女性,但"他_女"的字形很难为汉字系统接纳,同时现代小说叙事重心下移要求代词称谓视点同时下移,"那女人"的高位、远位指称则无法灵活满足这一要求。此外,另一指代方案"伊"一度被用在小说叙事中,但或因其发音与口语不同,违反言文合一的要求,或因其在个别方言中普泛性指代第三人称而非女性,在文学的实际应用中"伊"的局限明显。相比而言,"她"的启用,使叙事过程可以挣脱单调的交代,因其忠实于口语对女性的指代("ta")而可以直接呈现人物的声口,由此形成的转述在情节交代、人物塑造、世情揭露、叙事变革等方面起到了重要作用。小说叙事以"小说的方式"为"她"的最终定型和确立做出了有意义的尝试。
The female third-person singular pronoun is an important vocabulary of modern Chinese.The birth and identification of this pronoun is the result of the combined forces of the times,linguists,literary writing and other social forces.In this process,the practice and choice of novels can’t be ignored.Because of the narrative needs,modern novels once referred to third-person women with“Ta”and“that woman”,but the created character form of the former is difficult to be accepted by the Chinese character system,while the latter which is high and distant references can’t cope with new request flexibly because the focus of modern novels has shifted downward.In addition,another reference scheme“Yi”was once used in the narrative of novels,but its pronunciation was different from the spoken language,which violated the requirement of the integration of language and text,or in some dialects,it generally refers to the third person instead of women.Therefore,there are obvious limitations in the application.In contrast,the use of“she”enables the narrative process to break free from monotonous explanations by narrator.Because of being faithful to the oral reference to women,it can directly express the voice of the characters,which results narration by characters but not narrator play an important role in plot explaining,characterizing,revealing reality and narrative changes.As a result,the novel narrative has made a meaningful attempt to finalize and select“she”by fictional way.
作者
王佳琴
WANG Jia-qin(School of Literature,Yancheng Teachers University,Yancheng,Jiangsu 224002,China)
出处
《南昌大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2020年第4期104-111,共8页
Journal of Nanchang University(Humanities and Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“中国现代文学与国语的建构研究”(14CZW077)
江苏高校哲学社会科学优秀创新团队建设资助项目“比较文学与跨文化研究”(2017ZSTD016)。
