摘要
研究土地利用变化引发的生境质量时空差异是区域生态安全的重要内容。以南昌市为例,运用土地利用转移矩阵和景观格局指数法分析了南昌市2000—2017年土地利用时空变化特征,并借助InVEST模型评估和探讨了4个时期的生境质量及其演变规律。结果表明:(1) 2000—2017年,南昌市土地利用变化主要特点为耕地减少273.46 km^2,建设用地扩张了419.07km^2,耕地、林地是其扩张的主要来源,总体景观异质性增加,斑块破碎化程度先不断降低后上升。(2)在土地利用变化的影响下,南昌市生境质量表现出显著的区域差异。城市扩展区生境质量逐渐降低、生态保护区生境质量持续稳定,湾里区生境质量为优等,其次是进贤、新建、安义和南昌4个县为良好,而中心城区生境质量为中等及以下,并呈现明显下降趋势。(3)南昌市整体生境质量水平较高,但建设用地不断扩张生境质量减少了0.09,差生境质量面积扩展了5.83%,良好生境质量面积下降了4.14%。研究结果能够为南昌市生态规划和土地利用规划提供依据和参考。
Studying the spatial and temporal differences of habitat quality caused by land use change is an important content of regional ecological security.Taking Nanchang City as an example,this paper analyzes the characteristics of the spatial and temporal changes of land use in Nanchang City from 2000 to 2017 by using the land-use transfer matrix and landscape pattern index method.The InVEST model is used to evaluate and discuss the habitat quality and evolution of the four periods.The results show that:(1)From 2000 to 2017,the main characteristic of land use change in Nanchang City was that cultivated land decreased by 273.46 km 2,and construction land expanded by 419.07 km 2.Cultivated land and forest land were the main sources of its rapid expansion.The overall landscape heterogeneity has increased,and the degree of fragmentation of the patches decreased first and then increased.(2)Under the influence of land use change,the habitat quality of Nanchang City showed obvious regional differences.The quality of habitats in urban expansion areas gradually decreased,and the quality of habitats in ecological reserves continued to be stable.The habitat quality index in Wanli District was the highest.Secondly,the four counties of Jinxian,Xinjian,Anyi and Nanchang were good,while the quality of habitats in the central urban area was moderate and below,and showed a significant downward trend.(3)The overall habitat quality of Nanchang City was at a relatively high level,due to the rapid expansion of construction land,the habitat quality decreased by 0.09.The area of poor habitat quality expand by 5.83%,and the area of good habitat quality decreased by 4.14%.The research results can provide basis and reference for ecological planning and land planning in Nanchang City.
作者
戴俊鸿
叶长盛
黄小兰
DAI Jun-hong;YE Chang-sheng;HUANG Xiao-lan(School of Earth Sciences,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China)
出处
《环境生态学》
2020年第9期45-54,共10页
Environmental Ecology
基金
江西省自然科学基金“南昌市半城市化地区空间范围识别、模拟及优化策略”(20171BAA208025)资助。
