摘要
19世纪末20世纪初,随着城市化进程的加快,波士顿公共游戏空间不断被侵占,现代生理学和心理学的发展使游戏倡导者认识到游戏的价值。理论与现实的矛盾促使马萨诸塞急救与卫生协会率先为儿童提供游戏场——沙园。但早期的游戏场建设波折不断,约西亚·昆西与波士顿公园委员会致力于在社区建设系统的游戏场,实践了《波士顿游戏场综合系统法案》。最后,在约瑟夫·李及其领导的马萨诸塞公民联盟与波士顿学校委员的共同作用下,通过《扩大波士顿学校委员会体育教育权力法案》,游戏场被纳入波士顿公共学校系统。波士顿游戏场运动在马萨诸塞州各城市掀起了热潮,进而领导了一场遍及全国的游戏场运动,体现了进步主义时期教育功能的扩大以及“教育生态”观的成型。
At the end of the 19th century and the early 20th century,the public play space was shrunk extremely during the process of the urbanization.But the development of the modern physiology and the psychology made the value of play be realized.These conflicts in theory and practice pushed the Massachusetts Emergency and Hygiene Association to offer the Sand Gardens for kids as the playground.But the early construction for the playground was disturbed.By the effort of Josiah Quincy and the Boston Park Commission,the Act to Provide for a Comprehensive System of Playgrounds for the City of Boston was issued.Then finally by the effort of Joseph Lee,the Massachusetts Civic League and the Boston School Committee,the Act to Enlarge the Powers of the School Committee of the City of Boston in Respect to Physical Education was passed.The Playground Movement in Massachusetts came to the peak,leading the playground movement in the whole nation,and representing the expansion of the function of education and the ideas of“Education Ecology”in Progressive Era.
作者
陈露茜
位盼盼
Chen Luxi;Wei Panpan(Faculty of Education in Beijing Normal University)
出处
《教育史研究》
2020年第3期100-109,共10页
Educational History Studies
关键词
游戏场运动
波士顿
儿童
社会教育
Playground Movement
Boston
children
social education
