摘要
【目的】研究新疆库尔勒香梨腐烂病发生情况,筛选适用于树干淋刷药液技术的腐烂病防治药剂,为香梨腐烂病防治提供理论依据。【方法】采用五点取样法,调查样地香梨腐烂病发生情况。药剂筛选采用树干淋刷药液方法,定期调查处理病斑复发率,测量病斑愈合宽度和愈合面积,综合评价供试药剂对香梨腐烂病田间防治效果。【结果】库尔勒香梨腐烂病病株率为48.0%~92.0%,平均病株率为65.20%,平均病斑块为7.05块/株,病斑发生部位主要分布于分枝上。施药90 d所有药剂处理病斑愈合情况良好,在病斑愈合宽度上,10%苯醚甲环唑平均愈合宽度达到11.0 mm,显著高于其他供试药剂;在病斑愈合面积比方面,3%甲基硫菌灵和10%苯醚甲环效果最好,平均愈合面积比分别达到71.2%、63.6%。【结论】库尔勒香梨腐烂病发生普遍且较重,平均发病率达65.20%;综合药效结果排序,10%苯醚甲环唑在病斑愈合效果表现最好,且适用于树干淋刷药液技术,该药剂在香梨腐烂病防治上使用。
【Objective】To investigate the actual occurrence of Fragrant Pear Valsa canker in Korla and screen out the suitable fungicide which can be applied for spraying and brushing on the trunks and main branches in the hope of providing theoretical bases for the prevention and control of the disease.【Methods】Five-point sampling method was used to investigate the occurrence of rot disease in sample site fragrant pear and spraying liquid on the trunk was employed to screen the fungicide.And the recurrence rate was regularly investigated and treated to measure the healing width and the healing area of the disease for comprehensive evaluation of the effects of drug supply on the prevention and control of fragrant pear valsa canker in the field.【Results】The field investigation results showed that the disease plant rate of fragrant pear valsa canker was 48.0%-92.0%,the average disease plant rate was 65.20%,the average scars were 7.05 pieces per plant,and the scars were mainly distributed on branches.The field efficiency test indicated that the whole scars had a good recovery with treatments by 90 days.In terms of the healing width of the scars,the average healing width of 10%difenoconazole reached 11.0 mm,significantly higher than those of other tested agents.The top two performance of the healing area ratio of disease scars were 3%methyl-thiumurin and 10%difenoconazole,and the average healing area ratio reached 71.2%and 63.6%,respectively.【Conclusion】The fragrant pear valsa canker is serious and widespread in Korla area with an average incidence of 65.20%.The results of fungicide screening indicate that 10%difenoconazole has the best effect on the disease healing,and is suitable for the technique of spraying and brushing liquid on the trunk and main branches.It is suggested that 10%difenoconazole should be employed to control fragrant pear valsa canker.
作者
宋博
艾米都拉·克尤木
朱晓锋
徐兵强
阿布都克尤木·卡德尔
杨森
SONG Bo;Aimidula Keyimu;ZHU Xiaofeng;XU Bingqiang;Abudukeyimu Kader;YANG Sen(Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management in Northwestern Oasis of China,Ministry of Agriculture,P. R. China/Institute of Plant Protection/National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Special Forestry and Fruit Industry, Urumqi 830091,China;Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Korla, Korla Xinjiang 841000, China)
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第8期1527-1534,共8页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0201404)。
关键词
库尔勒香梨
腐烂病
药剂筛选
Korla fragrant pear
valsa canker
fungicide screening
