摘要
为研究近20年来山西省审定小麦品种的农艺性状和品质性状的演变情况,以1997-2018年山西省审定的175个小麦品种为研究对象,总结分析其农艺性状和品质指标的演化规律。结果表明,山西省近20年来审定品种产量水平呈显著上升趋势;株高呈下降趋势,但中部冬麦区水地审定品种株高过高,有倒伏风险;产量三因素中,穗粒数稳步提升,南部中熟冬麦区品种的穗粒数均高于中部晚熟冬麦区品种,千粒重变化不明显,但“十三五”时期审定的旱地品种千粒重下降明显,单位面积穗数呈显著上升趋势。山西省近年来审定品种品质性状没有显著变化,籽粒蛋白含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值和稳定时间均没有显著提高。山西省今后一段时间的育种目标仍然是品质与产量的协同提高,水地品种应在保证穗数和粒重的基础上加强穗粒数的选择,旱地品种应注重穗粒数和粒重的选择。
In order to study the evolution of agronomic and quality characters of wheat varieties released in Shanxi province during 1997-2018,175 wheat varieties were collected as materials to summarize and analyze the evolution law of agronomic and quality indices.The results showed that in recent 20 years,the yield level of the approved varieties in Shanxi province showed a significant upward trend;the plant height showed a downward trend,but the plant height of the approved varieties in the irrigated area of the middle winter wheat region was too high,with a risk of lodging;among the three yield components,the kernel number per spike(KNS)steadily increased,and KNS of varieties in the south winter wheat region was higher than that in the middle winter wheat region.The change of 1000-grain weight was not obvious.However,the 1000-grain weight of the dry land varieties approved from 2016 to 2018 decreased significantly,and the number of ears per unit area showed a significant upward trend.In recent years,there is no significant change in the quality characters of the approved varieties in Shanxi province,and the grain protein content,wet gluten content,sedimentation value and stability time are not significantly improved.In the future,the breeding goal of Shanxi province is still to improve the quality and yield in coordination.The selection of KNS should be strengthened on the basis of ensuring the number of ears and kernel weight for the varietiesin irrigated land.The selection of KNS and kernel weight for dryland varieties should be emphasized.
作者
马小飞
李竹梅
王敏
曹勇
李晓丽
姜兰芳
郝建宇
张定一
姬虎太
MA Xiaofei;LI Zhumei;WANG Min;CAO Yong;LI Xiaoli;JIANG Lanfang;HAO Jianyu;ZHANG Dingyi;JI Hutai(Institute of Wheat Research,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Linfen,Shanxi 041000,China;Shanxi Agricultural Seed station,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030006,China)
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第8期938-944,共7页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
山西省农业科学院生物育种工程项目(2017yzgc011)
山西省农业科学院农业科技成果转化与示范推广项目(2019CGZH08)
国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2016ZX08002002-008)
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS_03_2_7)。
关键词
山西省
小麦
产量
品质
演变
Shanxi province
Common wheat
Yield
Quality
Evolution
