摘要
本实验研究了饲料脂肪水平及脂肪来源对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus L.)的生长、体组成及脂质代谢的影响。实验包括6组等氮实验饲料,分别以鱼油和豆油为主要脂肪源,设计3个脂肪水平(8%、12%和16%)的实验饲料(分别为F8组、F12组、F16组和S8组、S12组和S16组)。选取初始体质量为(13.01±0.01)g的大菱鲆幼鱼,随机分到18个养殖桶中,每桶30尾,采用定量投喂方式进行投喂,养殖周期56 d。研究显示:随着饲料中脂肪含量上升,饲喂鱼油饲料的鱼体终末体质量、增重率、特定生长率有增高趋势,F16组鱼体生长性能显著优于F8组;而饲料中添加过高剂量豆油(S16组)对鱼体生长有明显抑制现象。饲料中脂肪水平显著影响大菱鲆肝体比和脏体比指数,而鱼体肥满度则受脂肪源影响显著。实验饲料组成对大菱鲆鱼体水分含量和粗蛋白含量无影响,但显著影响鱼体粗脂肪含量,鱼体粗脂肪含量随着饲料脂肪水平升高而上升。饲料脂肪来源显著影响大菱鲆肝脏脂肪含量,豆油组肝脏脂肪含量显著高于鱼油组,且豆油组大菱鲆肝脏脂肪含量随着脂肪水平的升高而显著提高。进一步检测大菱鲆脂代谢相关基因发现,饲料脂肪水平及来源显著影响大菱鲆肝脏脂肪合成、氧化等基因表达。综上所述,大菱鲆幼鱼饲料中脂肪水平在12%~16%时鱼体呈现最佳生长性能,饲料中添加过多豆油显著影响鱼体生长及肝脏脂肪代谢。
The present study was carried out to explore the effects of dietary lipid levels and lipid source on the growth and metabolism of turbot.A 56 days feeding trial was carried out in juvenile turbot((13.01±0.01)g).Six isonitrogenous experimental diets were designed using two lipid sources,fish oil(FO)and soybean oil(SO),and three lipid levels,8%,12%and 16%.The fish growth performance increased with the increase of lipid level in FO groups and a significant difference was observed between F16 and F8.However,in the SO groups,dietary S16 significant inhibited the fish growth.The hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices of turbot were highly affected by dietary lipid level while the condition factor was highly affected by lipid source.There was no effect of the diets on moisture and crude protein levels of turbot.The crude lipid level of whole body and liver were highly affected by the diet.The liver lipid content in SO groups was significant higher than that of FO groups.Furthermore,the expressions of genes relating to lipid metabolism were also highly affected by the dietary lipid level and lipid source.The optimal fish growth performance was obtained when the dietary lipid levels varied between 12%and 16%.Over substitution soybean oil in the diet disturbed the lipid metabolism of turbot and inhibited the fish growth performance.
作者
满铭叁
隋仲敏
周慧慧
王旋
徐玮
麦康森
何艮
MAN Ming-San;SUI Zhong-Min;ZHOU Hui-Hui;WANG Xuan;XU Wei;MAI Kang-Sen;HE Gen(The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of Agriculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China)
出处
《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第10期26-36,共11页
Periodical of Ocean University of China
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-47-G10)资助。
关键词
饲料
大菱鲆
脂肪水平
鱼油
豆油
生长
脂代谢
dietary
turbot
lipid level
fish oil
soybean oil
growth
lipid metabolism
