摘要
为深入分析不同功能建筑室内微生物气溶胶的污染情况、分布特征及暴露水平。在对学校不同建筑冬季室内外细菌和真菌气溶胶的浓度水平分析的基础上,本文对医院不同功能场所室内细菌和真菌气溶胶的浓度大小、粒径分布和暴露水平进行了研究。结果表明:1)医院各场所冬季室内细菌气溶胶浓度为(82~841) cfu/m^3,真菌为(60~354) cfu/m^3,细菌与真菌浓度比B/F为1.91~5.10。2)医院室内细菌气溶胶的中值直径为(2.33~3.75)μm,真菌为(2.43~2.69)μm。且室内微生物气溶胶的中值直径均小于室外。3)医院室内细菌和真菌气溶胶对医务人员的日均潜在暴露量为(1 406~4 183)cfu/d和(485~1 601) cfu/d,对就诊人员的日均潜在暴露量为(144~1 101) cfu/d和(50~400) cfu/d。4)医院室内微生物气溶胶对医务人员的日均暴露量和潜在暴露量明显高于就诊人员,且测试医院门诊大厅内细菌和真菌气溶胶对医院人群的暴露量均高于呼吸科候诊厅、儿科候诊厅和口腔诊室的暴露量。
To have a deep analysis of the pollution,distribution and exposure level of indoor microbial aerosols in different functional buildings,the concentration,distribution of the particle size and exposure level of bacterial and fungal aerosols were studied in different functional buildings of hospitals on the basis of the assessment of concentrations of these microbial aerosols in campus buildings in the winter.The results indicate that the concentration of bacterial aerosols and that of the fungal aerosols in buildings of the hospitals were from 82 to841 cfu/m^3and from 60 to 354 cfu/m^3,respectively.The B/F,the ratio of bacterial concentration and fungal concentration was in the range of 1.91-5.10.The median diameter of indoor bacterial and that of fungal aerosols in hospitals ranged from 2.33-3.75 μm and from 2.43-2.69 μm,respectively,which were higher than those of outdoor.The potential daily exposure level of indoor bacterial aerosols and that of fungal aerosols to the medical staff in different buildings of hospitals ranged from 1 406-4 183 cfu/d and from 485-1 601 cfu/d,respectively,while those exposure levels to patients were 144-1 101 cfu/d and 50-400 cfu/d,respectively.The potential daily exposure levels of microbial aerosols to medical staff were significantly higher than those to patients,and the Outpatient hall of hospital had higher exposure levels of microbial aerosols to people than Respiratory waiting room,Pediatric waiting room and Dental consulting room did.
作者
张金萍
张翠林
王智
王政
李安桂
曹国庆
ZHANG Jinping;ZHANG Cuilin;WANG Zhi;WANG Zheng;LI Angui;CAO Guoqing(Key Laboratory of HVAC,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;School of Environment and Energy Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;School of Building Service Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;Institute of Building Environment and Energy Efficiency,China Academy of Building Research,Beijing 100013,China)
出处
《建筑科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第8期180-186,共7页
Building Science
基金
国家重点研发计划“室内微生物污染源头识别监测和综合控制技术”(2017YFC0702800)。
关键词
医院
微生物气溶胶
浓度水平
粒径分布
中值直径
暴露水平
Hospital
Microbial aerosols
Concentration
Distribution of the particle size
Median diameter
Exposure level
