摘要
构建矿藏资源产权制度是整体构建自然资源产权制度的关键。宪法关于自然资源"国家所有"被误读为"国家所有权",在于忽视宪法"合理利用"的规定而选择性解释宪法。国有矿藏资源因公权力配置而加速流失,源于资源"国家所有权"的公权力及政治化定性。建立资源产权状态"二元结构"分析模型,宪法规定是按产权"二元结构"对自然资源产权做出的科学分置:国家所有与合理利用。矿藏资源国家所有属于排他性归属产权,合理利用属于相对性的利用产权。撤销虚无的矿藏资源"国家所有权"以及"矿业权"理论,明确矿业开采者获得特定矿产所有权而不是用益物权。让资源所有者权利与监管者权力分开,由市场决定资源的配置,政府权力不得干预矿产的归属性产权;实行严格的行政许可准入制,矿产的开发利用行为必须接受政府管制。
Constructing the modern property right system of mineral resources is critical to the overall construction of natural resources property right system.The state-owned natural resources in the Constitution is misread as"state ownership",which largely lies in the definition is selectively interpreted while the provisions of the"rational utilization"in the Constitution are neglected.The state-owned mineral resources are losing at a faster pace due to the allocation of public power,which is highly related to the public power and the political characterization of"state ownership"of resources.The Constitution stipulates that the property right of natural resources should be allocated scientifically according to the dual structure of property right,that is,state-owned resources and their rational utilization.The state-owned mineral resources belong to exclusive ownership property,while the reasonable utilization belongs to relative utilization property.The vain"state ownership"and"mining right"of mineral resources should be abolished to make sure that miners should obtain the specific mineral ownership instead of usufruct.The rights of resource owners should be separated from those of regulators.The allocation of resources should be determined by the market and the government power should not interfere with the ownership property rights of minerals.A strict administrative permission access system should be implemented,and the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources must be regulated by the government.
作者
康纪田
刘卫常
KANG Ji-tian;LIU Wei-chang(Hunan Loudi School of Administration,Loudi 417000,China)
出处
《河北法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第8期136-159,共24页
Hebei Law Science
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目《自然资源权利配置研究》(15ZDB176)的阶段性成果。
关键词
自然资源
资源产权
国家所有权
矿产资源
矿业权
采矿权
natural resources
resource property rights
state ownership
mineral resources
mining rights
