摘要
‘金宇’是以‘宇宙红’为母本、‘金太阳’为父本杂交选育而出的极早熟鲜食杏新品种。果实卵圆形,果皮底色橙黄色,光亮洁净,果面有茸毛,果肉橙黄色,肉质细腻,汁液较多,味甜,口感浓郁,无涩味,香气淡;平均单果质量55.2 g,大果75 g;离核,苦仁。可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)为14.05%,总糖10.1%,总酸0.76%,可食率96.20%,果实带皮硬度12.6 kg·cm^-2,维生素C 5.41 mg·100 g^-1;品质上。果实发育期58 d,在石家庄地区,果实5月下旬成熟,营养生长期220 d;萌芽率73.74%,成枝率15.66%。该品种耐寒、耐旱、耐瘠薄,适应性强,较抗细菌性穿孔病和焦边病。常温下果实可存放5 d左右,耐贮运。可在河北省中南部及生态条件与之相似的华北地区、西北地区等地栽培。大树高接后第2年开始结果,高接第4年平均产量为27 t·hm^-2,丰产性好。
‘Jinyu’is a very early-ripening,fresh apricot cultivar.The seeds were derived from the cross of‘Yuzhouhong’and‘Sungold’in 2005 at experimental field.In the summer of 2005,the hybrid seeds were treated by reference to the method of fresh seed sediment storage immediately.In the spring of 2006,the seeds were sowed routinely.In 2007,the hybrid seedlings were transplanted in a wide-narrow row(1 m×1 m×2 m).The hybrid seedlings blossomed and bore fruit in 2008.In 2010,both pilot test and regional trials were conducted,and the trees had started to bear fruit in 2012.The observation and identification of 2005-yj134 was conducted for 3 consecutive years from 2012 to 2014,the fruit comprehensive characters were excellent.The tree was vigorous with semicircular crown and open tree gesture,purplish brown trunk,tan perennial branches.Annual branches were stout,the ratio of branch length to thickness was 182:1.24,internode length was 2.2 cm,the sunny side was brownish red,and nightside was tawny and smooth,lenticels was transverse and small.Petals were pale pink,5 mostly,purplish red calyx.Leaf blade was broadly rounded,apex acute,base cordate,margin neat,obtuse.The length and width of leaves were 8.5 cm×8.0 cm,and leaves were thick,dark green,glossy,wavy.Main veins were light green.Petiole length was 3.1 cm,purplish red.The matured fruit was ovoid,orange.The average fruit weight is 55.2 g,maximum fruit weight is 75 g.Fruit top round flat,slice meat asymmetry.The fruit ground color of fruit peel was orange,the surface was bright and clean,the appearance was beautiful.The flesh with more juice and tastes sweet was orange,had a less of fiber.The contents of soluble solid,total sugar,total acid,and vitamin C were 14.05%,12.1%,0.76%and 5.41 mg·100 g^-1,respectively.Fruit hardness with skin was 12.6 kg·cm^-2,storage-resistant.The edible rate was 96.20%.The fruit had ovoid,bitter,free nucleus.In Shijiazhuang area,the fruit ripened in late May,with 58 d of fruit growth period and 220 d of vegetative growth period.The
作者
武晓红
陈雪峰
王端
赵习平
季文章
袁立勇
张宪成
唐焕英
马文会
景晨娟
WU Xiaohong;CHEN Xuefeng;WANG Duan;ZHAO Xiping;JI Wenzhang;YUAN Liyong;ZHANG Xiancheng;TANG Huanying;MAWenhui;JING Chenjuan(Institute of Shijiazhuang Fruit Tree,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050061,Hebei,China;Forestry Administration of Julu County,Julu 055250,Hebei,China;Forestry Administration of Shunping County,Shunping 072250,Hebei,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第9期1437-1440,共4页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
河北省科学技术研究与发展计划项目(16226313D-2)
河北省农林科学院创新工程项目(C19C0701-03)。
关键词
杏
新品种
‘金宇’
极早熟
鲜食
Apricot
New cultivar
‘Jinyu’
Very early-ripening
Fresh-eating
