摘要
依据1992—2018年的稀土产品出口TC指数和PRODY指数值,厘清中国稀土产品出口技术结构的演进脉络,借鉴并进一步拓展两国均衡贸易模型即SMR模型,揭示影响稀土产品出口技术结构演进的主要因素。研究结果表明,一方面,1992年以来中国稀土产品出口的技术复杂度逐渐提高,技术结构逐步优化,但当前中国出口稀土产品仍主要集中于中低、中等、中高等中间技术复杂度,与发达国家相比,技术结构亟待升级;另一方面,研发支出是影响稀土产品出口技术结构演进的最重要因素,且这种影响显著依赖于一国的工业水平。与其他国家相比,中国研发支出和工业水平交互作用对稀土产品出口技术结构的影响更大。基于此,中国应加大稀土产品研发投入,协同提升工业特别是高端制造业发展水平,打造从稀土金属提取到应用产品生产较为完整的高附加值稀土产业链、供应链,确立并提高中国在全球稀土行业的话语权和定价权。
According to the TC index and PRODY index value of rare earth products exports from 1992 to 2018,the authors clarify the evolution context of China’s rare earth export technological structure,draw lessons from and further expand the SMR model,and reveal the main factors having influence on the evolution of China’s rare earth export technological structure.The results show that,on the one hand,since 1992,the export technical complexity of the China’s rare earth products has gradually increased and the technical structure has been gradually optimized,but at present,the export technical complexity of the China’s rare earth products is still mainly focusing on intermediate technical complexity,including medium and low technology,medium technology,medium and high technology;and compared to developed countries,the technical structure needs to be upgraded urgently.On the other hand,R&D expenditure is the most important factor affecting the technological structure evolution of rare earth products export,and this influence significantly dependents on the industrial level of a country;and comparing to other countries,the interaction of China's R&D expenditure and industrial-level has a greater impact.In view of this,China should strengthen its R&D investment in rare earth products,improve the development level of industry,especially high-end manufacturing,build a relatively complete rare earth industry chain and supply chain with high added value from the extraction of rare earth metals to the production of applied products,and establish and improve China's voice and pricing power in the global rare earth industry.
作者
戚兆坤
隋博文
QI Zhao-kun;SUI Bo-wen(College of Economics and Management,Beibu Gulf University,Qinzhou 535011,Guangxi,China)
出处
《中国流通经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第9期67-78,共12页
China Business and Market
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“西南民族地区以跨境农产品供应链推进农业外向化研究”(17XJY005)。
关键词
中国稀土产品
出口技术结构
演进脉络
稀土产业链
China’s rare earth products
export technological structure
evolution context
rare earth industry link
