摘要
为研究大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)消化道的菌群结构、消化酶和非特异性免疫酶活力特征,本研究采用高通量测序技术系统分析大黄鱼胃、幽门盲囊和肠道中菌群组成及分布,并对比研究工厂化养殖和网箱养殖模式下的消化道菌群;同时,结合生化分析方法解析2种模式下消化道消化酶和非特异性免疫酶活力特征。结果显示,2种养殖模式下,菌群多样性随消化道延伸呈下降趋势;乳杆菌科(Lactobacillaceae(f))、Fructobacillus、黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)等代表的菌属为共有优势菌群。其中,拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)和Anaerostipes等的丰度随消化道延伸呈下降趋势,而乳杆菌科、E01_9C_26_marine_group(o)所代表的菌属及黄杆菌属等则相反;普氏菌属(Prevotella_9)、乳杆菌科代表的菌属为2种模式养殖大黄鱼的主要差异菌属。工厂化养殖条件下,幽门盲囊和肠道中的菌群组成及其参与营养和免疫相关代谢通路的基因数目差异不显著(P>0.05),但与胃部的菌群组成和相关代谢通路基因数目存在明显差异;而网箱养殖大黄鱼胃部与幽门盲囊和肠道的菌群结构及相关代谢通路基因数目差异相对较小。2种养殖模式下的大黄鱼消化道菌群与饲料菌群相近。另外,胃和幽门盲囊也具有非特异性免疫酶活性,说明,整个消化道还具有一定的化学免疫屏障作用。本研究结果将为大黄鱼健康养殖提供基础参考,并为消化道菌群生理功能探讨提供理论依据。
The aim of this project was to investigate the characteristics of the microbiota structure and the activity of digestive and nonspecific immune enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract of large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea).We systematically analyzed the composition and distribution of microbiota in the stomach,pyloric caecum,and gut of large yellow croaker using high-throughput sequencing.Moreover,we conducted comparative analysis of the gastrointestinal tract microbiota in large yellow croakers cultured via the industrialized or net cage culture pattern.Under these two aquaculture patterns,we analyzed the activity of digestive and nonspecific immune enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract through biochemical methods.The microbiota diversity in the gastrointestinal tract declined under both aquaculture patterns.The genera including Lactobacillaceae(f),Fructobacillus and Flavobacterium,and etc,were the shared and dominant microbiota.The abundances of Bacteroides and Anaerostipes declined from the beginning of the gastrointestinal tract to the end,while those of Flavobacterium and genera represented by Lactobacillaceae(f)and the E01_9C_26_marine_group increased under both aquaculture patterns.Genera belonging to Prevotella_9 and Lactobacillaceae(f)were the main different species between these two aquaculture patterns.Under the industrialized pattern,the composition of microbiota and number of genes involved in metabolic pathways associated with nutrition and immunity were not significantly different between the pyloric caecum and gut(P>0.05),while these values obviously different from those in the stomach.In contrast,under net cage culture,differences between the stomach and pyloric caecum or gut decreased.The microbiota composition of the gastrointestinal tract of large yellow croakers cultured with these two patterns was similar to that of the feed.Additionally,the stomach and pyloric caecum exhibited nonspecific immune enzyme activities,indicating that the entire gastrointestinal tract functions as a chemical
作者
姜燕
徐永江
于超勇
柳学周
王滨
郑炜强
官曙光
史宝
陈佳
柯巧珍
JIANG Yan;XU Yongjiang;YU Chaoyong;LIU Xuezhou;WANG Bin;ZHENG Weiqiang;GUAN Shuguang;SHI Bao;CHEN Jia;KE Qiaozhen(State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding,Ningde Fufa Fisheries Co.Ltd.,Ningde 352103;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266071;Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Provincial,Qingdao 266104)
出处
《渔业科学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期61-72,共12页
Progress in Fishery Sciences
基金
中国水产科学研究院院级基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2019GH15)
大黄鱼育种国家重点实验室开放课题基金(LYC2017RS01)
现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-47)
中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费专项(20603022018021)
中央引导地方科技发展专项(2017L3019)
福建省科技平台建设项目(2018N2005)共同资助。
关键词
大黄鱼
消化道
菌群
消化酶
非特异性免疫酶
养殖模式
Large yellow croaker
Gastrointestinal tract
Microbiota
Digestive enzymes
Nonspecific immune enzymes
Culture mode
