摘要
目的探讨昆明市儿童过敏原谱的分布特征及规律,为该地区儿童过敏疾病的诊疗及预防提供科学依据。方法选取2018年在昆明市儿童医院就诊的不同年龄阶段的6396例患儿,采用欧蒙免疫印迹法检测21项吸入性和食物性特异性IgE,对不同年龄阶段、性别的检验结果进行统计学分析。结果6369例患儿过敏原检测中最主要的过敏原为尘螨组合(屋尘螨/粉尘螨),阳性率为32.21%,之后依次为牛奶(18.86%)、黄豆(17.81%)、鸡蛋白(15.23%)、牛肉(13.81%),狗上皮、虾阳性率最低(均<2%)。男童花生的阳性率(9.2%)明显高于女童(4.6%)(P<0.01),而女童羊肉阳性率(14.2%)明显高于男童(6.5%)。不同年龄组对随着年龄增长对吸入性过敏原、海鲜的阳性率呈上升趋势,对蛋白含量高食物阳性率呈下降趋势,而狗上皮阳性率在组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论尘螨、牛奶、黄豆是昆明地区儿童过敏性疾病的主要过敏原,且过敏原在不同年龄段趋势有异,因此血清过敏原检测有利于过敏性疾病的诊断,制定个体化治疗和健康教育。
Objective To explore the distribution characteristics and patterns of allergen spectrum among children in Kunming area,and to provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis,treatment and prevention of children′s allergic diseases.Methods A total of 6,396 children of different ages in Kunming Children′s hospital in 2018 were collected for the study,who were detected for 21 kinds of inhalant and food allergens specific immunoglobulin E(IgE)by western blotting.The results with different ages and genders among these children were analyzed statistically.Results Among 6,369 patients,the main allergen was dust mite combination(house dust mite/dust mite),with a positive rate of 32.21%,followed by milk(18.86%),soybean(17.81%),egg white(15.23%),and beef(13.81%).Dog epithelium and shrimp were allergens with low positive rates(both<2%).The positive rate of peanut in boys(9.2%)was significantly higher than that in girls(4.6%),while the positive rate of mutton in girls(14.2%)was higher than that in boys(6.5%)(P<0.01).With the increase of age,the positive rate of inhalation allergen and seafood were increased,while the positive rate of food with high protein content decreased.However,there was no significant difference in dog epithelium among different groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Dust mite,milk and soybean are main allergens for children′s allergic diseases in Kunming area,and the allergens have different trends among different age groups.Therefore,serum allergen detection is helpful for the diagnosis of allergic diseases,and development of individualized treatment and health education.
作者
樊茂
FAN Mao(Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650000, China)
出处
《标记免疫分析与临床》
CAS
2020年第8期1354-1358,共5页
Labeled Immunoassays and Clinical Medicine
