摘要
老年人精神需求满足与否是衡量老年生活质量的重要指标之一。本文假设社会支持资源(操作化为物质支持和精神支持两方面)越充足,老年人精神需求越容易获得满足;子女数量越多,精神需求越容易获得满足;老年服务越丰富,精神需求越容易获得满足。并基于中国人民大学组织的中国老年社会追踪调查的数据进行分析,发现物质支持和精神支持中任何一种支持资源的丰富都有利于老年人的精神状态向积极的方向发展。其中,精神支持层面作用较显著的变量是“可求助的亲友数”和“婚姻状态”,而“健在的子女数量”作用并不显著;在物质支持资源中,社会保障资金总额的影响最为显著,当下的中国老年人明显受国家社会保障政策的影响更大。老年社会服务和老年活动场所这些相对正式的支持类型则影响不显著。我国在为老服务方面还相对薄弱,亟待加强相关工作。
Whether the spiritual needs of the elderly are satisfied or not is one of the important indicators to measure their life qual⁃ity.It is assumed in this paper that the more abundant social support resources(both material support and spiritual support)are,the eas⁃ier the spiritual needs of the elderly will be met;the more children they have,the easier the spiritual needs will be met;and the richer the elderly services are,the easier the spiritual needs will be met.Based on the data of Social Tracking Survey of the Elderly in China organized by Renmin University of China,it is found that the enrichment of either material support or spiritual support is conducive to the development of the mental conditions of the elderly in a positive direction.The more significant variables in the aspect of spiritual support are"the number of relatives and friends you can ask for help"and"marital status",while"the number of living children"has no significant effect;in the material support resources,the total amount of social security funds has the most significant impact,and nowadays the elderly are obviously more affected by the national social security policy.The relatively formal types of support,such as social services and activity places for the elderly,have no significant impact.In our country,it is still relatively inadequate in serving the old,and it is urgent to strengthen the relevant work.
作者
李肖亚
孙金明
LI Xiao-ya;SUN Jin-ming(School of Social Development,Langfang Normal College,Langfang Hebei,065000)
出处
《山西大同大学学报（社会科学版）》
2020年第4期20-24,共5页
Journal of Shanxi Datong University(Social Science Edition)
基金
河北省哲学社会科学课题“社会工作视域下河北省农村老年人精神需求研究”(HB18SH025)。
关键词
精神需求
社会支持
物质支持
精神支持
spiritual needs
social support
material support
spiritual support
