摘要
为了解农艺措施对砷污染农田水稻安全生产的影响,设置了4种秸秆还田方式与4种水分管理方式的组合盆栽试验,探讨了不同秸秆还田与水分管理方式对土壤砷形态及水稻砷吸收的影响。结果表明:秸秆全量炭化还田有利于土壤pH值的提高,而秸秆全量还田与秸秆半量还田会导致水稻生长前期土壤pH值的下降;深水淹灌可显著降低土壤Eh值,增加土壤交换态砷、铝结合态砷和水溶性砷含量,从而提高水稻稻谷中砷的含量;薄水淹灌与干湿交替有利于土壤Eh值的提高,从而降低交换态砷和水溶性砷含量,提高As(Ⅴ)/As(Ⅲ)比值,降低稻谷中砷的积累;秸秆全量炭化还田有利于钙结合态砷的形成,轻微增加水稻的产量,其稻谷中砷含量明显低于秸秆全量还田和秸秆半量还田处理的。因此,秸秆全量炭化还田比秸秆全量还田更有利于砷污染农田水稻的安全生产。
To understand the influence of agronomic measures on the safe production of rice in arsenic polluted farmland,a combined pot experiment with four ways of straw returning to the field and four methods of water management was set up.The effects of straw returning and water management methods on arsenic form in soil and arsenic uptake by rice plant were discussed.The results showed that the full straw carbonization returning was beneficial to the increase of soil pH value,while the full straw returning and half straw returning would lead to the decrease of soil pH value in the early stage of rice growth.The deep-water flooding could significantly reduce soil Eh,and increase the content of exchangeable arsenic,Al-bound As and water-soluble arsenic in the soil,and thus increase the content of arsenic in rice plant.The thin water flooding and alternation of dry-wet was beneficial to the increase of soil Eh,decreased exchangeable arsenic and water-soluble arsenic,increased As(Ⅴ)/As(Ⅲ),and decreased arsenic accumulation in rice plant.The full straw carbonization returning was beneficial to the formation of Ca-bound As,slightly increased the yield of rice.The arsenic content in rice plant of the full straw carbonization returning was significantly lower than that of the full and half straw returning.Therefore,the full carbonization straw returning to the field was more conducive to the safe production of rice than the full straw returning to the field.
作者
顾国平
项佳敏
章明奎
GU Guo-ping;XIANG Jia-min;ZHANG Ming-kui(Shaoxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shaoxing 312003,China;College of Environment and Resources,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)
出处
《江西农业学报》
CAS
2020年第8期89-95,共7页
Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi
基金
绍兴市科技局科技项目“绍兴市砷污染农田安全生产的农艺技术研究”(2018C20006)。
关键词
砷污染
水分管理
秸秆还田
土壤砷形态
水稻
安全生产
Arsenic pollution
Water management
Straw returning
Soil arsenic form
Safe production
