摘要
呼伦贝尔草原地区草畜双承包责任制①实施以后形成了定居定牧的居住生活②方式,由于牧民生产生活方式的被动改变,传统草原社区结构发生巨大的变化,继而引发牧民居住生活、传统文化、草原生态环境等各个层面的变化。本研究将共生理论引入到草原社区的研究中,从居住生活、文化传统以及草原环境三个方面对传统草原社区和当前草原社区进行比较分析,同时通过对典型草原社区滚诺尔嘎查③的田野调查,依据共生三要素,建立草原社区中“居住生活共生、文化共生、环境共生”的共生关系,提出具体共生措施,构建共生型草原社区,旨在为草原地区社区建设提供借鉴,从草原社区建设的角度探寻提高牧民生活水平、传承草原传统文化以及草原环境可持续发展的路径。
In the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,the issue of“pastoralism,pastoral areas,and herdsmen”is a fundamental issue that concerns the livelihood of the autonomous region as well as national unity and stability.The grassland area in Inner Mongolia is an important ecological line of defense in northern China,and it is also an area with a weak ecological environment.Production and living activities in the grassland directly affect its environment,and unreasonable use has accelerated grassland degradation.After the establishment of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,changes in the pasture use system changed the production,lifestyle and social organization of herdsmen.The subject of traditional grassland values lost its voice,the living and production space for herdsmen was squeezed,the original cooperative organization relationship between herdsmen weakened and there were serious environmental problems in the grassland.Under this policy background and environmental background,this study,from the perspective of grassland community construction,sorts out the development and changes of grassland communities under the influence of the policy,and finds out the outstanding problems in the construction of grassland communities after settlement.The author uses the symbiosis theory to propose the symbiotic relationship of“residential and living symbiosis,cultural symbiosis and environmental symbiosis”from the three aspects of the residential and living of herdsmen,the continuation of the traditional grassland culture and the grassland environmental protection.In the residential and living symbiosis,the production cooperation form of animal husbandry cooperation is proposed.A production cooperative consists of 5-8 herdsmen households.The grassland area of each cooperative reaches 23km2-33km2.The original living space of the herdsmen is restored on a small scale to form small residential and living groups among households.Within the scope of cooperatives,pasture division,camp construction and mutual assistance are rea
作者
白洁
阎涵
胡晓海
BAI Jie;YAN Han;HU Xiaohai
出处
《西部人居环境学刊》
2020年第4期117-124,共8页
Journal of Human Settlements in West China
基金
内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2019MS05080)
内蒙古工业大学乡村发展与乡村规划学科团队(PY202050)。
关键词
共生型草原社区
居住生活共生
文化共生
环境共生
滚诺尔嘎查
Symbiotic Grassland Communities
Residential and Living Symbiosis
Cultural Symbiosis
Environmental Symbiosis
Gun Nuoer Village
