摘要
如何对校园进行人性化的规划与设计进而实现校园可持续发展的目标引起了规划设计学界的广泛关注。从空间认知的视角对这一问题进行研究,可以为校园人性化规划设计提供重要的实证参考。现有对校园空间认知的研究多集中于对空间认知规律的研究,缺乏对校园空间形态较为细致的定量化描述,也缺乏对校园空间形态和校园空间认知的关联分析,因此对校园规划设计的参考意义有限。因此,本文选择路网形态这一有代表性的空间变量,通过文献阅读、路网形态量化分析、问卷调查和认知地图外部化的方法对校园路网形态影响空间认知进行了研究。结果发现,当校园路网整体整合度较高,且有较为主要的交通轴线时,被试倾向于采用路径性要素如主干道等作为空间认知的锚点来进一步认识周边的环境。而密度较低,整合度较低的路网则会导致被试对地点的认知度与认知的准确度也会有相应的下降。通过对结果进行分析,本文认为在校园规划设计中,可以考虑通过适当提高路网密度,提高路网整合度和主要轴线整合度来提升校园内地点的认知度和认知的准确度。
Human-oriented campus planning and design intended to realize the sustainable development of university campuses is concerned by domestic and foreign experts from planning and design academia.Research in the perspective of spatial cognition can provide important empirical references for human-oriented campus planning and design.Current research on spatial cognition of university campuses lacks both elaborate quantitative description of campus space form and association analysis of space form and spatial cognition of campuses,thus leading to limited reference value for campus planning and design.Therefore,the study takes Peking University and Tsinghua University as study objects and selects road network form,a representative spatial variable,to explore the impact of road network form on spatial cognition.Firstly,the study summarizes the evolution process and the spatial characteristics of road networks in Peking University and Tsinghua University.Based on literature review,the study discovers that the campus space of Peking University is organized with Weiming Lake and Boya Tower as the center and multiple secondary cores distributed in the periphery and the campus space of Tsinghua University is organized along some major design axes.The campus of Peking University is featured with multiple axis intercalation and centrality while the campus space of Tsinghua University is mainly featured with several main roads,such as Huangdao Axis,East District Axis and Xuetang Road.On the basis of literature review,this study conducts a questionnaire survey on the students’familiarity of the locations in the two campuses and performs a correlation analysis among the students’familiarity,integration degree,road network density of different locations.The study discovers that in Tsinghua University,locations with high familiarity are located along major axes,such as Xuetang Road while in Peking University locations with high familiarity are mainly located around the core area of the campus.According to correlation analysis,th
出处
《西部人居环境学刊》
2020年第4期88-96,共9页
Journal of Human Settlements in West China
关键词
锚点理论
路网形态
空间认知
校园空间
Anchor Point Theory
Road Network Form
Spatial Cognition
Campus Space
