摘要
“五四”的反传统针对的主要是“大传统”,对“小传统”却采取吸纳利用的策略,因后者所包含的民众民间价值取向恰与“五四”的平民思想保持了某种一致性。对民众的“发现”在一定程度上促进了新文学的通俗化,使其与小传统形成了某种“合流”,但“五四”的精英化与欧化倾向却最终阻止了这一“合流”,重新造成了雅俗分野的局面。并且与旧雅俗传统(即大小传统)既分离又互动互补的状态不同,新的雅俗之间呈现了相当强的排异反应。在这一意义上,可以说新文学并没有找到更有效进入民众的方法与途径,影响了其在“启蒙”上的深广度。“五四”落潮之后有不少知识分子持此观点,这也是从新文学到大众文艺的某种逻辑起点。但“五四”的复杂处在于它与大众文艺并非完全断裂的关系,其内在依然有对接大众与民间的可能。实际上,在从现代文学到当代文学的演变中,“五四”与民间、通俗之间的张力体现得相当淋漓尽致。
The anti-tradition of the May 4th Movement is mainly aimed at“the great tradition”,but adopts the strategy of absorbing and utilizing“the little tradition”,because the value orientation of the folks contained in the latter keeps some consistency with the civilian thought of the May 4th Movement.The“discovery”of the masses has promoted the popularization of new literature to a certain extent,and forms a certain“confluence”with the little tradition.But finally,the trend of elitism and Europeanization in the May 4th Movement prevents this“convergence”and re-creates the situation of the division between refined and popular traditions.And unlike the old refined and popular traditions(i.e.the big and small traditions),which are separated and complementary,the new refined and popular traditions present a strong rejection reaction.In this sense,it could be said that the new literature has not found a more effective way to enter the populace,affecting its“enlightenment”in depth and breadth.After the May 4th Movement,many intellectuals held this view,which is also a logical starting point from new literature to popular literature and art.However,the complexity of the May 4th Movement lies in the fact that it is not completely separated from the mass literature and art,and it is still possible to connect the masses with the folk.In fact,in the evolution from modern literature to contemporary literature,the tension between the May 4th Movement and folk and popular literature has been reflected quite incisively and vividly.
作者
周敏
Zhou Min(College of Humanities and Law in Jiaxing University)
出处
《中文论坛》
2019年第1期104-111,共8页
Forum of Chinese Language and Literature
基金
浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题重点项目“‘新曲艺’与‘十七年’文艺普及实践研究”(项目编号:19NDJC005Z)
浙江省社科联一般项目“‘新曲艺’的基层传播机制研究(1949-1966)”(项目编号:2017N98)。
关键词
五四
通俗文艺
民间
大众化
The May 4th Movement
Popular Literature and Art
The Folk
Popularization
