摘要
女性犯罪者虽然所占比例不高,却呈现逐年上升的态势,尤其是越来越多处于社会下层的弱势群体女性进入犯罪者的行列之中。本研究希望探讨弱势群体女性犯罪的原因以及从社会福利支持和社会工作介入的角度遏制这些女性犯罪的方法。本研究采用半结构式访谈法对35名弱势群体女性犯罪者的经历做了全面了解。研究发现,她们普遍年轻、受教育程度较低且无正当职业,而犯罪类型则以传统的街头犯罪(street-crime)为主。导致她们犯罪的影响因素主要有:(1)无稳定、正当职业而走上犯罪道路;(2)缺乏必要的法律知识和警惕性以致涉足犯罪;(3)缺乏良性的人际交往导致误入歧途;(4)遭遇生活挫折后求助无门而最终犯罪。从社会福利的角度来看,弱势群体理应受到相应的政策性保护和福利支持,以及在遭遇困境时得到必要的社会工作服务的介入。然而,本研究中的很多例子均显示,因为得不到充分的福利支持和社会工作服务的帮助,本来可能是受害者或需要帮助的弱势群体女性却走上了犯罪的道路。从这个角度来看,可以通过改进社会福利服务与增加社会工作介入服务的方式,在一定程度上缓解或遏制弱势群体女性犯罪的问题。
Female offenders comparatively make up a small proportion of the whole offender population worldwide. Although the percentage of female offenders is quite small,the female offending and incarceration rate has grown fast internationally,especially among the vulnerable groups. This study hopes to explore the causes of female offending in vulnerable groups and ways to curb it from the perspective of social welfare support and social work intervention. Adopting semi-structured interviews with 35 female offenders with vulnerable social-economic backgrounds,this study tries to reveal the reasons of these women’s offending. These female offenders were generally young,unemployed or underemployed,and poorly educated;and they mostly had committed street crimes. According to the findings of this study,the following four reasons have caused these vulnerable women’s offending:( 1) lack of decent and stable career;( 2) lack of legal knowledge and vigilance;( 3) lack of positive interpersonal social relationship;and( 4) lack of social support when encountering difficulties. Vulnerable population need adequate social work intervention and social welfare policy support when experiencing negative life events. However,findings of this study reveal that, due to the lack of enough welfare supports,these women tried to "solve"their life difficulties in illegal ways,and thus became offenders. Therefore,based on these findings,this study highlights the importance of improvement on social welfare policy and social work intervention to deter and deal with vulnerable women’s offending.
出处
《中国研究》
2020年第1期190-204,M0008,M0009,共17页
China Studies
基金
江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究重点项目“社会福利支持视角下贫困女性犯罪预防研究”(2018SJZDI119)的阶段性成果之一。
关键词
弱势群体女性
女性犯罪
社会福利
社会工作
women from vulnerable groups
female offending
social welfare
social work
