摘要
马边磷矿区磷矿资源丰富,区内磷矿开采企业较多。在开采的过程中难免会对当地的河水造成一定的影响。为了进一步了解马边磷矿区的环境影响问题,本文通过对磷矿区采集的水体样品和同一地点的水系沉积物样品进行分析测试,共检测了Cd、As、Cu、Cr、Pb、Zn六种重金属元素的含量,采用潜在生态危害指数法对沉积物中的重金属污染程度进行了综合评价。结果如下:马边磷矿区河水中的重金属元素的浓度较低,6种重金属元素含量均低于国家标准(GB3838-2002)。水系沉积物中的重金属元素含量较高,其中:Cd、Pb、Zn分别为2.06mg/kg、182.39mg/kg、479.13 mg/kg。与四川省土壤元素背景值相比:Cd元素超标25.7倍,Pb元素超标5.9倍,Zn元素超标5.5倍,其余元素未超标。与马边地区1∶20万区域水系沉积物背景值相比:Cd元素超标3.12倍,Pb元素超标3.3倍,Zn元素超标2.5倍,As元素超标1.6倍,Cu、Cr元素含量在背景值以内。与"中国土壤元素背景值"相比:Cd元素超标29.4倍,Pb元素超标7.7倍,Zn元素超标7.1倍。潜在生态危害指数法评价结果表明:Cd的生态危害指数最大,其次为Pb和As,其余Cu、Cr、Zn等元素属于轻微生态风险。
Mabian phosphate mining area is rich in phosphate resources,and there are many phosphate mining enterprises in the area.In the process of mining will inevitably have a certain impact on the local river.In order to further understand the environmental impact of the Marbian phosphate rock area,the content of six heavy metal elements Cd,As,Cu,Cr,Pb and Zn were detected by analyzing and testing water samples collected from the phosphate rock area and river sediment samples from the same site.The pollution degree of heavy metals in sediments was evaluated by the method of potential ecological hazard index.The results are as follows: the concentration of heavy metal elements in the river water of Mabian Phosphate ore area is low,and the content of six heavy metal elements is lower than the national standard(GB3838-2002).The content of heavy metal elements in water system sediments was relatively high,among which Cd,Pb and Zn were 2.06 mg/kg,182.39 mg/kg and 479.13 mg/kg,respectively.Compared with the background values of soil elements in Sichuan Province,Cd exceeded the standard by 25.7 times,Pb exceeded the standard by 5.9 times,Zn exceeded the standard by 5.5 times,and other elements did not exceed the standard.Compared with the 1∶ 200,000 regional water system sediment background value in Mabian area,Cd element exceeds the standard by 3.12 times,Pb element exceeds the standard by 3.3 times,Zn element exceeds the standard by 2.5 times,As element exceeds the standard by 1.6 times,Cu and Cr element content is within the background value.Compared with the background values of soil elements in China,Cd elements exceed the standard by 29.4 times,Pb elements exceed the standard by 7.7 times,and Zn elements exceed the standard by 7.1 times.The evaluation results of the potential ecological harm index method showed that Cd had the largest ecological harm index,followed by Pb and As,and the remaining elements such As,Cu,Cr and Zn were slightly ecological risks.
作者
刘兴章
徐争启
黄寰
田建民
张―杰
张国栋
LIU Xing-zhang;XU Zheng-qi;HUANG Huan;TIAN Jian-min;ZHANG Jie;ZHANG Guo-dong(Chengdu University of Technology School of Geoscience,Chengdu 610059,China;Key Lab of EarthExploration&Infomation Techniques of Ministry Education,Chengdu 610059,China;Chengdu University of Technology Business School,Chengdu 610059,China;207 Geological Brigade of Sichuan Buremu of Exploration&Development of Geology&Mineral Resources,Leshan,Sichuan 614000,China)
出处
《四川环境》
2020年第4期69-75,共7页
Sichuan Environment
基金
中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心委托业务(DD20160019-31)。
关键词
马边磷矿
重金属污染
水体
潜在生态危害指数法
Mabian phosphate
heavy metal pollution
water body
potential ecological hazard index method
