摘要
提出传统村落活态性概念,从物质遗产、非物质遗产和村落居民3个方面构建传统村落活态性评价指标体系。通过实地踏勘、文献查阅、问卷调查等方法获取数据,对湖南省大湘西地区3个不同类型的传统村落活态性进行定量评价。结果表明:①整体上失活问题较为普遍,东山村活态性最差,小市村次之,地笋苗寨活态性最好。②从系统层来看,物质遗产是影响村落活态性最为重要的贡献因子,从要素层来看,人口结构、历史建筑和格局肌理是影响传统村落活态性的主要贡献因子。③从系统层来看,非物质遗产是导致湘西地区传统村落失活的主要因素,从要素层来看,人口数量、传统技能技艺、自然生态环境是导致传统村落失活的主要因子。④总体来看,旅游型传统村落活态性好于城镇化型和传统型村落。但是,不同类型村落的活态性贡献因子和失活因子均存在一定差异。
Based on the theory of living state,this article aims to build an index system of the living state of traditional villages according to material heritage system,intangible heritage system and village residents system.The author obtained these data through literature review,field survey,questionnaire survey and local interview and other methods to quantitatively evaluate the living state of three different types of traditional villages in Xiangxi,Hunan Province.The results shows that:First,the problem of inactivation is relatively common among these villages,and Dongshan village has the worst living state,then Xiaoshi village,and Disun Miao village has the best living state.Second,from the perspective of the system level,material heritage is the most important factor affecting the living state of traditional villages;and from the perspective of the element level,demographic structure,historical buildings and pattern texture are the main factors that affect the living state of traditional villages.Third,from the perspective of system level,intangible heritage is the main factor that leads to the inactivation of traditional villages in Xiangxi area;from the perspective of elements level,population,traditional skills,and natural ecological environment are the main factors that lead to the inactivation of traditional villages.In general,the living state of tourism traditional villages is better than that of urbanized villages and traditional villages.However,there still has some differences between active contribution factors and inactivation factors in different types of villages.
作者
邹君
陈菡
黄文容
刘沛林
Zou Jun;Chen Han;Huang Wenrong;Liu Peilin(College of City and Tourism,Hengyang Normal University,Hengyang 421008,Hunan,China;National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory on Digital Preservation and Innovative Technologies for the Culture of Traditional Villages and Towns,Hengyang 421008,Hunan,China)
出处
《地理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期908-917,共10页
Scientia Geographica Sinica
基金
教育部人文社会科学项目(17YJAZH138)
教育部大学生研究性学习项目(〔2018〕39号)资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41701163)。
关键词
传统村落
活态性
指标体系
定量评价
湖南省
traditional village
living state
indicator system
quantitative assessment
Hunan Province
