摘要
目的了解沧州市2008-2017年流行性感冒(简称流感)流行特征,为更好地制定防控策略提供依据。方法从"传染病报告信息管理系统"将流感报告卡和突发公共卫生事件个案报告导出,采用描述性流行病学方法进行统计分析。病原学采用PCR方法检测流感病毒核酸。结果2008-2017年沧州市共报告流感病例12003例,死亡11例。10年间平均发病率16.56/10万,报告发病率最低为2010年的9.59/10万,最高为2017年的26.51/10万,不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=85032136.16,P<0.01)。发病以儿童和老人为主。0~6岁儿童年均发病率25.42/10万,60~74岁组年均发病率22.47/10万,不同年龄组发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=470500888.90,P<0.01)。发病高峰出现在10~12月和次年1~3月。地区分布中发病率最低的为中捷产业园区的1.82/10万,最高的为吴桥县的38.47/10万。流感相关的突发公共卫生事件报告共20起,发病166例,死亡11例,其中学校和托幼机构共报告5起,占报告总数的25.00%。流感病毒核酸检测标本7212份,阳性1322份,阳性率18.33%。主要病毒亚型为甲型H1N1,占阳性标本总数的37.29%,且死亡病例均为此亚型。结论流感病毒较其它病毒变异性强,要进一步强化流感病原学监测,早期预警和突发公共卫生事件报告,加强托幼机构和学校等重点人群的疫情防控,提高流感疫苗接种率,降低流感发病率。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of influenza from 2008 to 2017 in Cangzhou City,and provide a basis for better development of prevention and control strategies.Methods The influenza report card and public health emergency case report were exported from the Infectious Disease Report Information Management System,and descriptive epidemiological methods were used for statistical analysis.Pathogens used PCR to detect influenza virus nucleic acids.Results From 2008 to 2017,a total of 12003 cases of influenza were reported in Cangzhou City,and 11 cases died.The average incidence rate in the past 10 years was 16.56/100000.The lowest incidence rate was 9.59/100000 in 2010,and the highest was 26.51/100000 in 2017.The difference in morbidities of different years was statistically significant(χ^2=85032136.16,P<0.01).Most cases focused on children and the elderly.The average annual incidence rate of children aged 0~6 years old was 25.42/100000,and that of the elderly aged 60~74 years old was 22.47/100000.There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence rates among different age groups(χ^2=470500888.90,P<0.01).The peak incidence occurred in October to December and January to March of the following year.The lowest incidence rate in the regional distribution was 1.82/100000 in Zhongjie Industrial Park,and the highest incidence rate of 38.47/100000 was in Wuqiao County.There were 20 reports of public health emergencies related to influenza,with 166 cases and 11 deaths.And 5 reports were about emergencies in schools and child care institutions,accounting for 25.00%of the total reports.Totally 7212 samples of influenza virus nucleic acid were detected,of which,1322 samples were tested positive,and the positive rate was 18.33%.The main virus subtype was A1 H1 N1,accounting for 37.29%of the total positive samples,and all deaths were caused by this subtype.Conclusion The influenza viruses are more variable than other viruses,so it is necessary to further strengthen the etiological surveillance
作者
陈静
祁业敏
孙红轩
杨永胜
王琳琳
CHEN Jing;QI Yemin;SUN Hongxuan;YANG Yongsheng;WANG Linlin(Cangzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hebei 061001,China)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2020年第7期682-685,共4页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
关键词
流行性感冒
病原学监测
突发公共卫生事件
流行趋势
防控措施
Influenza
Etiological surveillance
Public health emergencies
Epidemic trend
Prevention and control measures