摘要
目的了解平遥县儿童青少年近视情况,为防控儿童青少年近视提供科学依据。方法2019年采用随机分层整群抽样法,运用整群筛查流行病学调查方法,选取平遥县5所学校及2所幼儿园共计2297名学生进行调查。采用统一的远视力(5m)灯箱对数视力表,依次对学生右、左眼进行裸眼或戴镜、自动电脑验光检测。结果平遥县儿童青少年视力不良率为67.9%,由高到低依次为:中学组(75.7%)、小学组(68.6%)、幼儿大班组(25.9%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=186.79,P<0.01)。男生(63.8%)低于女生(72.7%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=20.78,P<0.01);城市(73.2%)高于农村(61.1%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=38.12,P<0.01)。结论平遥县儿童青少年视力不良率差异有统计学意义,从小学一、二年级开始儿童视力明显下降,且随着年级升高视力不良率逐渐升高。视力不良率从小学组开始女生显著高于男生,城市学校学生视力下降明显高于农村学校。建议增加或延长学生户外活动时间,为其减负,引导其节制上网时间,养成良好学习生活方式。
Objective To understand the situation of children’s and adolescents’myopia in Pingyao,provide scientific basis for preventing and controlling children’s and adolescents’myopia.Methods Using the method of random stratified cluster sampling and cluster screening epidemiological survey,a total of 2297 students from 5 schools and 2 kindergartens in Pingyao were investigated in 2019.Using a unified logarithmic visual acuity chart with a 5-meter long-range vision lamp box,the students’right and left eyes were examined with naked eyes or glasses and automatic computer optometry in turn.Results The visual impairment rate of children and adolescents in Pingyao county was 67.9%.The order from high to low were:middle school group(75.7%),primary school group(68.6%)and large class group(25.9%).The difference was significant(χ^2=186.79,P<0.01).The visual impairment rate of male students(63.8%)was lower than that in the female students(72.7%).The difference was significant(χ^2=20.78,P<0.01);the rate of urban students(73.2%)was higher than that in the rural students(61.1%).The difference was significant(χ^2=38.12,P<0.01).Conclusion There is the significant difference in the rate of visual impairment among children and adolescents in Pingyao.The rate of visual impairment of children and adolescents decreases significantly from the first and second grade of primary school,and increases gradually with the increase of grade.From the beginning of primary school,the rate of poor eyesight of girls is significantly higher than that of boys,and the decline of eyesight of urban school students is significantly higher than that of rural school students.It is suggested to increase or prolong students’outdoor activity time,reduce their burden,guide them to control their Internet time and develop a good learning lifestyle.
作者
闫林叶
张九云
赵建平
YAN Lin-ye;ZHANG Jiu-yun;ZHAO Jian-ping(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Pingyao County in Jinzhong,Pingyao,Shanxi 031100,China)
出处
《中国公共卫生管理》
2020年第3期432-436,共5页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Management
关键词
儿童青少年
近视
调查
children and adolescents
myopia
survey
