摘要
为选育适应青藏高原高产优质的老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus L.)品种,以青藏高原不同生态区域采集的11份老芒麦种质资源为对象,以国审登记品种青牧1号和同德老芒麦为对照,进行了连续3年的种子生产性能评价,为进一步选育种用型老芒麦材料提供依据。结果表明:(1)各材料在不同年份间种子产量均存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中以I-1-5-13和I-1-5-19产量表现最优,平均产量达到1494.93 kg/hm2和1386.82 kg/hm2,较青牧1号老芒麦高81.49%和68.36%,较同德老芒麦高90.92%和77.11%。(2)随种植年份的增加,老芒麦种子产量呈下降变化。从种子稳产性来看,I-1-5-47和I-1-5-50两份材料3年内均表现为高产稳产,均可作为种用型老芒麦进行重点培育。(3)从各材料种子产量与产量性状相关性分析结果来看,单序籽粒数、种子长、小穗数、穗长和单序籽粒重与种子产量显著正相关(P<0.05),其中单序籽粒数与种子产量间的正相关最大(相关系数为0.809),且其对种子产量增产的直接效应最大,可作为种用型老芒麦种子产量评价的关键性状。(4)13份材料种子产量及产量性状的聚类分析可将其分为3个类群:第I类群来源于海拔较高地区,平均海拔为3696 m,其产量表现中等;第Ⅱ类群材料来源于平均海拔为3244 m的低海拔地区,其种子产量高;第Ⅲ类群材料来源于高海拔地区,平均海拔为4392 m,其种子产量低。
In order to breed for elite Elymus sibiricus L.varieties suitable for the high yield and high quality in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,we conducted a three-year field trials for investigating the seed production performance.Eleven E.sibiricus L.germplasm resources collected in different ecological regions of the QinghaiTibet Plateau as well as two the nationally-registered varieties Qingmu No.1 and Tongde were applied.The results showed that:(1)There were significant difference on seed yield production among different genotypes in different years(P<0.05).Two genotypes I-1-5-13 and I-1-5-19 showed the best yield performance,with an average of 1494.93 kg/hm2 and 1386.82 kg/hm2,81.49%and 68.36%higher than that of Qingmu No.1,and 90.92%and 77.11%higher than that of Tongde.(2)The seed yield generally became declined constantly in a manner of continuous cropping.Attractively,both I-1-5-47 and I-1-5-50 showed high and stable yield production within 3 years.Based on the production performance,both genotypes showed a potential in future breeding for seed-type E.sibiricus L.(3)The yield traits,i.e.the seed number per inflorescence,seed length,number of spikelet,length of spike and seed weight per inflorescence were significantly positively correlated with seed yield(P<0.05).Especially,the seed number per inflorescence showing an correlation coefficient of 0.809,in relative to seed yield,can be used as a key indicator in predicting the seed yield.(4)The cluster analysis of seed yield and yield traits suggested three categories:group-I that represented the genotypes which were originated from areas with higher altitudes with an average altitude of 3696 m,and showed a moderate yield performance;group-II that represented the genotypes which were originated from low-altitude areas with an average altitude of 3244 m,and showed a high seed yield;group-III that represented the genotypes which showed a low seed yield and were originated from higher altitudes areas with an average altitude of 4392 m.
作者
吴瑞
刘文辉
张永超
刘敏洁
刘凯强
张燕
杨晶
秦燕
魏小星
WU Rui;LIU Wen-hui;ZHANG Yong-chao;LIU Min-jie;LIU Kai-qiang;ZHANG Yan;YANG Jing;QIN Yan;WEI Xiao-xing(Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences Qinghai University/Key Laboratory of Utilizing Excellent Forage Germplasm Resources in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,Xining 810016)
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期855-865,共11页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
青海省科技厅基础研究项目(2018-ZJ-968Q)
青海省科技厅重点实验室发展专项(2020-ZJ-Y03)
青海省高端创新人才计划
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-34)。
关键词
老芒麦
种子产量
产量性状
Elymus sibiricus L.
seed yield
yield trait
