摘要
建筑业能源消耗全生命周期核算与特征分析对建筑节能与绿色建筑建设具有较大的意义。本文在生命周期视角下,构建建筑业能耗生命周期核算模型,测算建筑材料准备、施工、运营、拆除阶段能源消耗,分析建筑业能耗的全生命周期特征;以25个省市为例,研究不同经济水平、不同气候区等条件下各省市建筑业能源消耗特征,解析能耗控制重点。结果显示,2016年中国建筑业96.30%的能耗源于材料准备阶段(51.41%)和建筑运营阶段(44.89%),数据显示,自2011年以来材料准备阶段就超过运营阶段成为能耗主要领域,钢结构建筑比例的增加致使材料准备阶段能耗明显增加,但从全生命周期来看较为节能;25个省市因经济水平、气候区的差异,而出现"建筑运营阶段能耗高于材料准备阶段能耗区域(Ⅰ类区)""材料准备阶段能耗高于建筑运营阶段能耗区域(Ⅱ类区)",Ⅰ类区主要为东北严寒地区、西北严寒地区、南部夏热冬暖地区,其因供暖或制冷时间长、强度大而使建筑运营阶段能耗较高,而华北、华东地区的北京、上海等经济发达地区因城市扩张受限、人口高度集中、公共建筑运营强度大等使建筑运营阶段能耗高;Ⅱ类区主要为中东部寒冷地区及夏热冬冷地区,经济相对发达、城镇化进程较快等使建筑施工面积不断增加,建造材料能耗高于运营能耗。因此,各省市应该根据本省的经济发展水平和所属气候区,把材料准备阶段和运营阶段作为重点,有针对性地采取节能减排措施,以实现中国建筑业能源消耗全过程控制。
The whole life cycle accounting and characteristic analysis of energy consumption in the construction industry has great significance for building energy conservation and green building development.From the perspective of life cycle,this paper designs a life cycle energy consumption model of the construction industry,which can be used to measure the energy consumption at the stages of building material preparation,construction,operation and demolition,and analyzes the life cycle characteristics of the construction industry energy consumption.Taking 25 provinces and cities as examples,this paper analyzes the energy consumption characteristics of the construction industry in different provinces and cities under different economic levels and in different climate zones,and analyzes the key points of energy consumption control.The results show that 96.30%of the energy consumption of China’s construction industry in 2016 came from the material preparation stage(51.41%)and the construction operation stage(44.89%).The material preparation stage has surpassed the operation stage to become the main energy consumption field since 2011.Although the increase of the proportion of steel structure building leads to the significant increase of energy consumption in the material preparation stage,it is more energy efficient from the perspective of the whole life cycle.Due to the differences in economic levels and climate,the 25 provinces and cities can be divided into category I areas(in which the energy consumption at the operation stage is higher than that at the material preparation stage)and category II areas(in which the energy consumption at the material preparation stage is higher than that at the operation stage).The category I areas are mainly the severe cold areas in northeast China,the severe cold areas in northwest China,and the warm areas in summer and winter in south China.Long-term and high-intensity heating and cooling make high energy consumption at the operation stage.However,in north China and east China,such
作者
段海燕
陈思颜
刘源源
张诗培
王宪恩
王硕
宋俊年
DUAN Hai-yan;CHEN Si-yan;LIU Yuan-yuan;ZHANG Shi-pei;WANG Xian-en;WANG Shuo;SONG Jun-nian(College of New Energy and Environment,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130012,China)
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第7期57-65,共9页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“‘污染排放-环境质量’同步耦合情景下行业企业初始排污权差异化配置模式与优化算法研究”(批准号:71773034)。
关键词
建筑业
能源消耗
生命周期
钢结构建筑
材料准备阶段
construction industry
energy consumption
life cycle
steel structure construction
material preparation stage
