摘要
为了解陕西省0~18岁儿童家庭教育现状,分析当下家庭教育存在的优势与不足,采用自编陕西省家庭教育现状调查问卷(家长),对陕西省9个地区随机抽取的13094名家长进行调查。结果发现:父母在家庭教育中的参与程度存在较大差异,家庭教育的绝大多数任务被母亲所承担;家庭教育内容重人格教育轻劳动教育,知识教育存在结构性缺失,“学校化”倾向严重;家庭教育方式总体水平偏低,以民主型教育方式为主,但也存在少量家庭教育表现为溺爱型和放任型;各年龄段儿童家长的教育需求不同,缺乏家庭教育知识和方法是家长共同的教育困惑;家庭教育指导服务内容供需不对等,频率有待提高。建议:家长应明确家庭教育主体责任,适当提高父亲参与程度;家长应重视综合育人功能,加强劳动体验教育并针对实际情况及时进行性健康教育;家长应在现有基础上,进一步落实民主型教育,给予儿童充分的关注和爱护;家庭教育指导服务应加大养成式教育比例,提高各类教育指导服务的互动性与开展次数。
In order to understand the current situation of family education for children aged 0~18 in Shaanxi province,and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of current family education,a self-compiled questionnaire on the current situation of family education in Shaanxi province(parents)was used to investigate 13094 parents randomly selected from 10 counties in Guanzhong,Southern Shaanxi and Northern Shaanxi.The results showed that there was a great difference in parents’participation in family education,and most of the tasks of family education were undertaken by mothers;the content of family education emphasizes personality education rather than labor education.Knowledge education has structural deficiency and the schooling of family education is serious;the overall level of family education is low,mainly democratic education,but there are also a small number of family education for the performance of permissive and laissez faire;parents of children of all ages have different educational needs,and lacking of family education knowledge and methods is a common educational puzzle for parents;the supply and demand of family education guidance service are not equal,The frequency of family education guidance service needs to be improved.The suggestions are put forward as follows.Firstly,parents should clarify the responsibility of family education and appropriately improve the participation of fathers.Secondly,parents should pay attention to the educational function of labor and strengthen labor experience education and carry out sexual health education timely according to the actual situation.Thirdly,parents should further implement democratic education on the existing basis and give full attention and care to children.Fourth,family education guidance services should increase the proportion of nurturance education and improve the interaction and frequency of guidance services.
作者
陈秋珠
向璐瑶
CHEN Qiuzhu;XIANG Luyao(School of Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062,China)
出处
《渭南师范学院学报》
2020年第8期45-54,共10页
Journal of Weinan Normal University
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目:西部残疾儿童学前教育需求与教育供给的实证研究(17YJA880008)。
关键词
家庭教育
教育主体
教育方式
教育内容
教育需求
儿童
陕西省
family education
subject of education
mode of education
educational content
educational requirements
children
Shaanxi
