摘要
【目的】为明确不同邻作模式玉米田节肢动物群落特征及群落稳定性。【方法】采用诱集和目测法对邻作咖啡、水稻、李树及单作的玉米田节肢动物群落进行系统调查,分析不同邻作环境对玉米田节肢动物群落特征及稳定性的影响。【结果】共调查到节肢动物294种,隶属于4纲12目87科,与单作玉米田相比,邻作玉米田节肢动物群落的丰富度指数、多样性指数和均匀度指数均较高,优势集中性指数较低,不同邻作玉米田丰富度指数、多样性指数和均匀度度指数大小依次为:玉咖>玉稻>玉李>单作。不同邻作模式玉米田中的稳定指数Nn/Np、Nd/Np、Sn/Sp和Sd/Sp的值的大小顺序为:玉咖>玉稻>玉李>单作,稳定指数ds/dm值的顺序依次为:玉咖<玉稻<玉李<单作,与咖啡邻作玉米田节肢动物群落稳定性在调查的邻作模式中最高,单作玉米田的稳定性最低。【结论】邻作能够增加玉米田节肢动物群落的多样性指数和稳定性,且玉米与咖啡邻作模式是最能够增加玉米田节肢动物群落稳定性和多样性指数的邻作模式。
[Objectives]To clarify the community characteristics and stability of arthropods in maize fields adjacent to different crops.[Methods]The number of arthropod species in maize fields was systematically sampled with traps and visual observation in maize fields adjacent to three different crops;coffee plantations,rice fields,plum orchards,and in a maize monoculture.[Results]A total of 294 species of arthropods were collected,belonging to 4 classes,12 orders and 87 families.Compared to the monoculture,the richness,diversity and evenness of arthropods in maize fields adjacent to different crops was higher,but dominance was lower.Different adjacent crops could be ranked with respect to the richness,diversity and evenness of arthropods in maize fields as follows:coffee>rice>plum>maize monoculture.The ranking of different adjacent crops on the Nn/Np,Nd/Np,Sn/Sp and Sd/Sp values of maize fields was the same,however,their ranking with respect to the stability index(ds/dm value)of maize fields was:coffee<rice<plum<maize monoculture.Maize fields adjacent to coffee plantations had the most stable arthropod communities and maize monocultures the least stable.[Conclusion]Planting maize adjacent to different crops can increase the stability of arthropod communities in maize fields;maize fields adjacent to coffee plantations have the most stable arthropod community structure.
作者
张金龙
陈强
钏叠
李强
张晓明
陈国华
ZHANG Jin-Long;CHEN Qiang;CHUAN Die;LI Qiang;ZHANG Xiao-Ming;CHEN Guo-Hua(Collage of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agriculture University,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan,Kunming 650201,China)
出处
《应用昆虫学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期718-728,共11页
Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology
基金
国家自然科学基金(31360436)
云南省现代农业玉米产业技术体系建设资助项目(2018KJTX002)。
关键词
玉米
邻作
节肢动物
群落
maize
adjacent planting
arthropods
community
