摘要
The conventional digital core models are usually small in size and have difficulty in representing the complex structures of heterogeneous rocks;Therefore,the parameters of simulated rock physics are difficult to be referenced.In this study,we propose a feasible simulation method for obtaining multi-scale and multi-component digital cores based on three types of sandstone samples.In the proposed method,the plug and subplug samples are scanned via micro-computed tomography at different resolutions.Furthermore,the images are precisely registered using the proposed hybrid image registration method.In case of high-resolution images,the traditional segmentation method is used to segment the cores into pores and minerals.Subsequently,we established the relations between the gray values and the porosity/mineral content in case of the low-resolution images based on the registered domains and the relation curves were applied to the segmentation of the low-resolution images.The core images constitute the multi-scale and multi-component digital core models after segmentation.Further,the elastic properties of the three samples were simulated at both fine and coarse scales based on the multi-scale and multi-component digital core models,and four component models were considered.The results show that the multi-scale and multi-component digital core models can overcome the representative limits of the conventional digital core models and accurately characterize pores and minerals at different scales.The numerical results of the elastic modulus are more representative at large scales,and considerably reliable results can be obtained by appropriately considering the minerals.
常规数字岩心模型由于尺寸较小,对于非均质性较强的复杂岩心,难以具有代表性,模拟得到的岩石物理参数也难有参考性。以三组砂岩样品为例,本文提出了一种可行的构建多尺度多组分数字岩心的方法。利用CT对柱塞岩心和毫米柱塞样品进行不同分辨率的扫描成像,并利用改进的图像配准方法进行扫描图像的精确配准。对于高分辨率扫描图像,利用常规图像分割方法,将岩心分割为孔隙和不同的矿物组分。基于配准关系,构造低分辨率图像的灰度与孔隙度、矿物组分含量的关系曲线。将构造的关系曲线应用到低分辨率扫描图像的图像分割过程。完成分割之后的数字岩心集合即构成了多尺度、多组分的数字岩心模型。基于多尺度多组分数字岩心模型,考虑了四种矿物模型,分别研究了细尺度和粗尺度下随着模型尺寸变化,三组岩心样品弹性模量的变化规律。结果表明:利用多尺度多组分数字岩心模型能够克服常规模型存在的代表性问题,实现岩心不同尺度孔隙、矿物的准确表征。在大尺度上计算的岩石弹性参数更具备代表性,同时岩石矿物组分考虑的越充分,模拟结果与实验结果越吻合。
基金
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Research(Nos.41574122 and 41374124)
National Science and Technology major Project(No.2016ZX05006002-004)。
