摘要
传统农机具挂接会因拖拉机与农机具间匹配协调性差而耗时费力,有必要设计开发一种快速挂接装置来提高农机组的挂接效率。在充分收集和分析国内外的拖拉机挂接器的挂接方式和机械结构的基础上,设计一种适用于中小型拖拉机的快速挂接装置,阐述该装置的基本结构和工作原理。将挂接器设计为挂接主机和副机两部分,主机与悬挂装置相连,副机与农机具相连,可适用于不同拖拉机悬挂装置和农机具的几何尺寸。该挂接器采用液压油缸作为动力,由驾驶员一人操纵,可实现主机与副机之间的自动挂接。根据设计方案对挂接装置、导向装置、锁定装置、支撑装置和动力输出装置等关键装置进行结构设计,对挂接器机组性能进行校核分析,最后进行样机的制造以及挂接质量与挂接效率试验。结果表明所设计的快速挂接器挂接时间最快可达15 s,最慢也只有30 s左右,并且只需要一个人操作,相比传统挂接方式,节约一半人力。该快速挂接器挂接可靠,挂接用时短,满足设计要求。
It is time-consuming and laborious for traditional farm machinery hanging,because of poor matching and coordination between tractors and farm machinery,so it is necessary to design and develop a fast hanging device to improve the efficiency of farm machinery hanging.The paper designed a fast hanging device for small and medium-sized tractors on the basis of collecting and analyzing the hanging ways and mechanical structures of tractor hanger at home and abroad.Firstly,the basic structure and working principle of the fast hanger were expounded.Innovatively,the hanger is designed as two parts:the main engine and the auxiliary machine,the main engine is connected with the suspension device,and the auxiliary machine is connected with the agricultural machinery and tools,which can be applied to the geometric dimensions of different tractor suspension devices and agricultural machinery tools.The hanger adopts hydraulic cylinder as power and is operated by the driver alone,which can realize the automatic connection between the main engine and the auxiliary machine.According to the design scheme,the key devices were designed such as the support device,the attachment device,the guiding and locking device and the power output device.Then,the performances of the hanger were checked and analyzed.Finally,the prototype was manufactured,and the test of the quality and efficiency of hanging was carried out between MY554 tractor and 1 GQN-150 rotary tiller.The results show that the design speed of the fast hanger is up to 15 s,the slowest is about 30 s,and only one person is required to operate.The fast hanger is reliable in connection and short in hook time,and meets the design requirement.
作者
贾朝阳
田伟
薛金林
李群
陈松慧
Jia Chaoyang;Tian Wei;Xue Jinlin;Li Qun;Chen Songhui(College of Engineering,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,210031,China;Jiangsu Yunma Agricultural Machinery Co.Ltd,Yancheng,224100,China)
出处
《中国农机化学报》
北大核心
2020年第6期131-136,共6页
Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD700904)
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(18)1007)
江苏高校“青蓝工程”资助(苏教师[2018]12)
江苏省农机三新工程项目(NJ2018—11)。
关键词
拖拉机
农机具
挂接主机
挂接副机
自动挂接
快速挂接
tractor
farm machinery
hanging host
hanging auxiliary machine
automatic hook
quick hook
