摘要
黑菇是一种常见的食药两用菌,目前对其活性成分尤其是多糖的研究较少。以多糖得率为指标,通过单因素和响应面试验优化黑菇多糖的提取工艺。响应面试验结果表明:黑菇多糖提取的最佳工艺条件为液料比26∶1(mL/g)、水温80℃、提取时间185 min,在此条件下多糖得率为9.42%。采用最优工艺提取并对产物进行脱色、脱蛋白、DEAE离子层析柱纯化处理,将所得黑菇多糖命名为RAP,对其进行理化性质和抗氧化能力分析。结果表明:RAP分子质量为5763 Da,总糖含量为80.03%,蛋白质含量为0.17%,糖醛酸含量为13.20%,基本不含淀粉和核酸。RAP中主要含有的5种单糖比例为鼠李糖∶岩藻糖∶甘露糖∶葡萄糖∶半乳糖=1∶5.53∶8.83∶10.62∶16.00,NMR的分析图谱表明RAP同时存在α和β两种糖苷构型,且α构型多于β构型。RAP的抗氧化活性与其质量浓度在0.25~8 mg/mL呈正相关,8 mg/mL的RAP对·OH清除率(78.32%)优于O 2-·(34.71%),表明RAP具有一定的抗氧化活性。
R.adusta(Pers.)Fr.is commonly used as an edible and medicinal fungus.But there are few studies on its active components,especially on polysaccharide.By taking the yield of polysaccharide as an index,the optimum extraction conditions for polysaccharide from R.adusta(Pers.)Fr.were studied by single-factor analysis and response surface methodology(RSM).The results showed that the optimized conditions in which the yield of polysaccharide was up to 9.42%were:the liquid-to-solid ratio was 26∶1(mL/g),extraction at 80℃for 185 min.With these conditions,the polysaccharide,named as RAP,was obtained after decolorization,deproteinization and purification by DEAE ion-exchange column chromatography,and the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of RAP were analyzed.The molecular weight of RAP was 5763 Da with a total sugar content of 80.03%,protein content of 0.17%,uronic acid content of 13.20%and almost free of starch and nucleic acid.GC analysis showed that the ratio of five monosaccharides,which were mainly contained in RAP,was rhamnose∶fucose∶mannose∶glucose∶galactose=1∶5.53∶8.83∶10.62∶16.00.NMR analysis showed that RAP contained bothαandβconfigurations of glycosides,and the content of glycoside withαconfiguration was higher than that ofβconfiguration.The antioxidant activity of RAP was positively correlated with the concentration in the range of 0.25-8 mg/mL.The scavenging rate of 8 mg/mL RAP to·OH(78.32%)was higher than that to O 2-·(34.71%),indicating that RAP had certain antioxidant activity.
作者
李艺萌
李文芝
钟瑞芳
刘瑞海
陈健
LI Yimeng;LI Wenzhi;ZHONG Ruifang;LIU Ruihai;CHEN Jian(College of Food Science and Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;Guangdong ERA Food&Life Health Research Institute,Guangzhou 510670,China)
出处
《河南工业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第3期19-26,共8页
Journal of Henan University of Technology：Natural Science Edition
基金
广州经济技术开发区创新创业领军人才启动基金“基于抗衰老与预防慢性病系类功能食品的研发与应用”(2017-L174)。
关键词
黑菇
多糖
响应面法
理化性质
抗氧化活性
R.adusta(Pers.)Fr.
polysaccharide
response surface methodology
physicochemical properties
antioxidant activity
