摘要
嘉陵江是长江上游流量较大的一条支流,也是三峡水库重要的泥沙来源地,近年来,流域内产流产沙规律均发生了显著变化。本文基于Spearman相关分析、Mann-Kendall检验等方法,分析了北碚站1954-2017年间径流、泥沙序列变化特征,并结合气象要素、人类活动情况等讨论了主要影响因素。结果表明:(1)近60年来嘉陵江流域径流量呈微弱下降趋势,而输沙量呈大幅度下降趋势,近几年来的输沙量延续了前50年的下降趋势;(2)径流量分别在1967年和1985年发生突变,输沙量在1968年发生突变(p<0.05);(3)降水主要影响嘉陵江流域径流量变化,而生态工程建设、水利工程运行等人类活动是输沙量减少的主要因素,在减沙贡献中,水利工程的减沙效益大于生态工程。本文的研究结果对于防洪、河道整治和河流管理具有指导意义。
Jialing River is a major tributary in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, which is an important sediment source for the Three Gorges Reservoir. The processes of runoff and sediment yield changed significantly over the past years in the Jialing River Basin. Base on Spearman correlation analysis and the Mann-Kendall test, the hydrology data of Beibei Station from 1954 to 2017 were used to study the variation characteristics of runoff and sediment yield, and the major influencing factors were also discussed. The results showed that:(1) There was a slightly decreasing tendency in annual runoff in the past 60 years, while the descending trend in sediment yield was significantly;(2) 1967 and 1985 were the two catastrophe points of runoff, and 1968 was the catastrophe point at which the sediment yield begins a downward tendency(p<0.05);(3) The decrease of runoff was mainly caused by precipitation in the Jialing River Basin, while the human activities were the dominant factors for sediment yield reduction. The main factor to sediment yield decreasing in the Jialing River Basin was sediment trapping by reservoirs, and the second contribution was water-soil conservation practices. The study results are of great guiding significance for flood control, river regulation and river management.
作者
李怡颖
范继辉
廖莹
LI Yiying;FAN Jihui;LIAO Ying(Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation,Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《山地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期339-348,共10页
Mountain Research
基金
中科院山地所“一三五”重点培育方向性项目(SDS-135-1702)
国家自然科学基金项目(41871072)。
关键词
径流量
输沙量
变化特征
影响因素
嘉陵江
runoff
sediment yield
variation characteristics
influencing factors
Jialing River
