摘要
煤气化是煤炭清洁高效利用的有效途径,但由于目前气化炉装备性能或运行水平较差,将会产生大量的气化粗渣和气化细渣,其中气化粗渣的成分与锅炉灰渣相似,可作为建材、道路桥梁等掺混原料;而气化细渣却因为含碳量高、烧失量大,不能直接用作建筑、道路材料,填埋处理是当前最主要的处理方式,这种方式不仅浪费土地,也无法回收其中的残碳,经济性和环保性极差。气化细渣的经济环保高效处理是煤气化企业面临的重大难题,对几种典型气化炉产生的气化细渣的基本物理化学特性进行了总结,结合气化细渣含碳量高、灰分中硅铝含量高、比表面积大、孔隙结构发达等特点,比较了浮选分离技术、与煤掺烧、用于土壤改良、合成及制备材料,以及水处理工艺等利用方式的技术研究现状和应用前景。
Gasification is an effective way for clean and efficient utilization of coal.However,due to the poor performance and operation level of gasifier and its equipment at present,a large number of coarse gasification slag and fine gasification slag will be produced.The composition of the coarse gasification slag is similar to boiler ash and slag,which can be used as materials for buildings,road bridges and polyblends.However,gasification fine slag cannot be directly used as building and road materials for its high carbon content and high burning loss,which takes landfill disposal as its most important treatment method at present.This method not only wastes land,but also fails to recover the residual carbon,which is of poor economic and environmental performance.Economic,environmental and efficient processing of gasification fine slag is a major challenges for coal gasification enterprises.The basic physical and chemical characteristics of fine slag produced by a few typical gasifiers are summarized,including its high unburned carbon and silica-alumina contents,wide specific surface area and developed pore structure.Its research progress and application prospects in being processed by flotation separation technology and water treatment technology,and being taken as coal blends for combustion,soil amelioration,synthesic and preparation materials are compared.
作者
史兆臣
戴高峰
王学斌
董永胜
李攀
于伟
谭厚章
SHI Zhaochen;DAI Gaofeng;WANG Xuebin;DONG Yongsheng;LI Pan;YU Wei;TAN Houzhang(Department of Thermal Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China;Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Company Limited,Yantai 264006,China;School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China)
出处
《华电技术》
CAS
2020年第7期63-73,共11页
HUADIAN TECHNOLOGY
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0603902)。
关键词
煤气化细渣
浮选
掺烧
资源化利用
综合利用
coal gasification fine slag
flotation
co-combustion
resources utilization
comprehensive utilization
