摘要
留存至今的民间契约文书记载了大量反映人们财产关系和身份关系的行为,真实再现了礼法的规定与社会实际生活的结合方式与结合程度。通过对契约文书的考察,分析中国底层社会的家庭活动,探讨妇女的地位与权利,会发现在父权至上的社会背景下,以往印象中妇女“未嫁从父、既嫁从夫、夫死从子”的形象,与现实之间存在着一段比想象要大得多的距离。女性随着年龄的增长,以及生活空间的转换,受到“情、理、法”等多重因素的影响,其在家庭生活中的地位也悄然发生着变化。从父之附属到夫与妻齐再到女性尊长,民间社会的契约活动证明中国古代社会庶民女性具有相对独立的人格,而非“无自专之道”。
The surviving folk contract documents record a large number of behaviors that reflect people’s property relations and identity relations,and truly reproduce the way and degree of combining the provisions of etiquette and law with the actual social life.Through the investigation of the contract documents,the family activities of the bottom society in China,and the status and rights of women,it can be found that in the social background of the supremacy of patriarchy,there is a much larger distance between the image of women“obedient to the father when not married,obedient to the husband when married,obedient to the son when the husband died”and the reality than imagined.With the growth of age and the transformation of living space,women are affected by multiple factors such as emotion,ethics and law,and their status in family life is also changing quietly.From the subordination to the father,to equality to the husband,and to the respectful status of women,the contract activity of the civil society proves that the common woman in the traditional Chinese society has a relatively independent personality.
作者
徐志强
XU Zhi-qiang(East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 201620)
出处
《阜阳师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
2020年第3期127-139,共13页
Journal of Fuyang Normal University：Social Science
关键词
古代社会
庶民女性
家庭地位
契约
“三从”
ancient society
common women
family status
contract
the three obediences
